[
 {
  "id": "pa-0001",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Physical Exam Timing",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "At the earliest, how many months before turning 16 can your physical examination for the learner's permit take place?",
  "options": [
   "Six months",
   "Twelve months",
   "Three months",
   "Nine months"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The exam can happen no earlier than six months before your sixteenth birthday.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 5,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0002",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Proof of Residency",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "If you are older than 18 and applying for a learner's permit, how many proofs of residency does Pennsylvania require?",
  "options": [
   "Two",
   "One",
   "Three",
   "Four"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Applicants older than 18 need to show two separate documents proving where they live, such as a utility bill or a lease.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 5,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0003",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Application Validity Period",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Starting from your physical examination date, how long does the Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Application stay valid?",
  "options": [
   "Until your 18th birthday",
   "Two years",
   "One year",
   "Six months"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "This application stays good for a full year, starting on the day of your physical exam.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 5,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0004",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Learner's Permit Requirement",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What must you get before you are allowed to drive a car in Pennsylvania?",
  "options": [
   "A Report of Eye Examination Form",
   "A signed certificate of completion for 65 hours of practice",
   "A learner's permit",
   "A Parent or Guardian Consent Form"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Pennsylvania law puts the learner's permit first. You cannot legally drive until you have one.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 5,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0005",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Required Tests",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Which three tests must you pass to earn a Pennsylvania driver's license?",
  "options": [
   "Vision, Knowledge, and Road tests",
   "Vision, Medical, and Road tests",
   "Physical, Knowledge, and Road tests",
   "Vision, Knowledge, and Residency tests"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "New drivers must pass a vision check, a knowledge exam, and a road test before they can get licensed.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 5,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0006",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Road Test Waiting Period",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "How long must you wait after your learner's permit is issued before you can take the Road Test?",
  "options": [
   "One year",
   "Three months",
   "Six months",
   "Nine months"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A learner's permit holder must wait six months after the permit was issued before taking the Road Test.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 6,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0007",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Behind-the-Wheel Practice Hours",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "If you're under 18, how many hours of behind-the-wheel practice must you complete before taking the Road Test?",
  "options": [
   "65 hours",
   "40 hours",
   "100 hours",
   "50 hours"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Drivers under 18 must log 65 hours of practice, including night driving and driving in bad weather, before the Road Test.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 6,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0008",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Permit Validity Length",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Once you pass the Knowledge Test, how long will your new learner's permit last?",
  "options": [
   "Six months",
   "Eighteen months",
   "Two years",
   "One year"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Passing the Knowledge Test earns a learner's permit that stays good for a full year.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 6,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0009",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Practicing After Permit Issued",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What are you allowed to do as soon as you get your learner's permit?",
  "options": [
   "Take the Road Test the same day",
   "Skip the 65 hours of practice",
   "Drive alone without supervision",
   "Begin practicing driving"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Getting the learner's permit is what allows you to start practicing behind the wheel.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 6,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0011",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Social Security Number Privacy",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Does Pennsylvania print your Social Security number on your learner's permit or your driver's license?",
  "options": [
   "Yes, it appears on the front of both",
   "No, it will not be printed on either document",
   "Only on the learner's permit",
   "Only on the driver's license"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Pennsylvania leaves your Social Security number off both the learner's permit and the driver's license.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 7,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0012",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Switching From an Out-of-State License",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "If you move to Pennsylvania while holding a license from somewhere else in the U.S. or from Canada, how soon must you get a Pennsylvania license?",
  "options": [
   "Within 6 months",
   "Within 60 days",
   "Within 30 days",
   "Within 90 days"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "New residents get 60 days after their move to trade in an out-of-state or Canadian license for a Pennsylvania one.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 7,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0013",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Vision Standards",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "If your vision is poor in one eye but you can still qualify for a license, what might Pennsylvania require you to do?",
  "options": [
   "Wear glasses or contacts, drive only in daylight, or use a vehicle with side mirrors",
   "Retake the Knowledge Test every six months",
   "Drive only with a certified instructor riding along for a full year until the eye condition is re-checked",
   "Apply for an international driving permit"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Someone with limited vision can still qualify if they accept a condition like corrective lenses, daytime-only driving, or side mirrors.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 7,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0014",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Junior License Nighttime Driving",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Under Pennsylvania's junior driver's license rules, during which hours are you normally barred from driving alone?",
  "options": [
   "11 p.m. to 5 a.m.",
   "10 p.m. to 5 a.m.",
   "9 p.m. to 6 a.m.",
   "Midnight to 4 a.m."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Junior license holders generally cannot drive from 11 p.m. to 5 a.m. unless a qualifying adult rides along or an exception, like volunteer fire service or work, applies.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 7,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0015",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Personal Data Required by Law",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Which combination of personal details does Pennsylvania law require the Department to collect when you apply for a license?",
  "options": [
   "Date of birth, height, and eye color",
   "Social Security number, along with your height and eye color",
   "Date of birth, proof of residency, and vision test results",
   "A Social Security card, proof of residency, and vision test results"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "State law points to specific sections of the Vehicle Code as the reason for collecting these details. They help identify drivers and cut down on license fraud.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 7,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0016",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Upgrading to a Regular License",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "After holding a junior license for one year, which of these is NOT something you need in order to move up to a regular driver's license?",
  "options": [
   "No Vehicle Code convictions during that year",
   "Completion of an approved driver training course",
   "A pass on a second Road Test",
   "Consent from a parent, guardian, or older spouse"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "To move from a junior license to a regular one, you need an approved training course, a clean crash and conviction record, and a qualifying adult's consent. A second Road Test is not on that list.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 8,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0017",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Junior License Passenger Limits",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "For the first six months after you get a junior license, how many passengers under 18 from outside your immediate family may ride with you if no parent, guardian, or similarly qualifying adult is also in the car?",
  "options": [
   "Two",
   "One",
   "Three",
   "Zero"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "During the first six months on a junior license, you may bring only one passenger under 18 who is not immediate family, unless a parent, guardian, or similarly qualifying adult rides along too.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 8,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0018",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "License Classes",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Most Pennsylvania drivers who operate a car, pickup truck, or van need which class of license?",
  "options": [
   "Class B",
   "Class C",
   "Class A",
   "Class M"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Class C is the license most drivers need because it covers everyday cars, pickups, and vans.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 8,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0019",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Motorcycle License Restrictions",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Suppose you take your Class M skills test using a motor-driven cycle instead of a full motorcycle. What restriction is added to your license?",
  "options": [
   "Restriction \"9\", blocking two-wheeled motorcycles",
   "A one-year delay before retesting",
   "No restriction is added",
   "Restriction \"8\", blocking motorcycle operation"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Testing on a motor-driven cycle adds an '8' restriction to your license, which stops you from operating a motorcycle.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 8,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0020",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Junior License Suspension",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Which situation results in a mandatory 90-day license suspension for a junior driver?",
  "options": [
   "Collecting six or more points on your record",
   "Letting your learner's permit expire",
   "Missing a Road Test appointment",
   "Being in a crash you are partly responsible for"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Junior drivers get an automatic 90-day suspension for reaching six or more points, or for a conviction of driving 26 mph or more past the posted limit.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 8,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0021",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Road Test Scheduling",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Drivers under 18 are allowed to book their Road Test how far ahead of time?",
  "options": [
   "Up to one year",
   "Up to six months",
   "Up to one month",
   "Up to three months"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Young drivers under 18 may reserve their Road Test appointment as much as six months before the date.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 9,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0022",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Knowledge Test Format",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "How many multiple choice questions make up the Pennsylvania Knowledge Test?",
  "options": [
   "15",
   "18",
   "20",
   "25"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The Knowledge Test has a total of 18 multiple choice questions about signs, laws, and safe driving.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 9,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0023",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Knowledge Test Format",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What is the minimum number of correct answers you need to pass the Pennsylvania Knowledge Test?",
  "options": [
   "15",
   "13",
   "18",
   "16"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Out of the full test, you must get at least 15 answers correct to pass.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 9,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0024",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Knowledge Test Retake Rules",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "When you don't pass the Knowledge Test on your first try, how soon can you attempt it again?",
  "options": [
   "The same day, immediately",
   "The next business day",
   "After 30 days",
   "The following week"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "A driver who does not pass the Knowledge Test may try again as soon as the next business day.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 9,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0026",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Road Test Parallel Parking",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "During your one attempt at parallel parking on the Road Test, what is the most adjustments you are allowed to make?",
  "options": [
   "Four",
   "Three",
   "Five",
   "Two"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "You are given a single attempt at parallel parking, and within that attempt you can make up to three adjustments.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 10,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0027",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Road Test Retake Rules",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "If a driver under 18 fails the Road Test, how long does Pennsylvania law make them wait before trying again?",
  "options": [
   "Seven days",
   "Fourteen days",
   "Three days",
   "Thirty days"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "State law requires drivers under 18 who fail the Road Test to wait a full seven days before their next attempt.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 10,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0028",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Road Test Parallel Parking",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What are the dimensions of the space you must parallel park into during the Road Test?",
  "options": [
   "20 feet long and 8 feet wide",
   "22 feet long and 7 feet wide",
   "24 feet long and 8 feet wide",
   "26 feet long and 9 feet wide"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The Road Test parking space measures 24 feet long by 8 feet wide, set between two uprights.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 10,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0029",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Road Test Attempts",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "With one learner's permit, how many separate attempts are you given at the Road Test before that permit's expiration date?",
  "options": [
   "Two",
   "Three",
   "One",
   "Four"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Each learner's permit gives you three separate attempts at the Road Test before it expires.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 10,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0030",
  "topic": "permits-and-licensing",
  "subtopic": "Road Test Self-Parking Vehicles",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Your car has an Advanced Parking Guidance System that can parallel park itself. What is the rule for using it during the Road Test?",
  "options": [
   "Vehicles with self parking systems are not accepted for the Road Test",
   "You may leave the feature on if you use no more than three adjustments",
   "During the test, the self parking feature has to be switched off",
   "You may use it for the parallel park, then steer manually for the rest"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Even though the car can park itself, the self-parking feature must be switched off and cannot be used at any point during the Road Test.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Non-Commercial Learner's Permit Information",
   "page": 10,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0031",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Steady red arrow",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A driver faces a steady red arrow pointing left. What is true about turning right on red at this same intersection?",
  "options": [
   "Right turns on red are never allowed when any red arrow is showing, because red arrows ban turns on red",
   "The driver may turn left immediately if no cars are approaching, because a clear road cancels the stop",
   "The driver must wait for a steady green light before making any turn, because a red arrow stops travel in every direction",
   "The same rules that allow turning on a steady red light also apply to a steady red arrow"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "A steady red arrow blocks travel in the direction it points. The same rules for turning on a plain red light still apply to a red arrow.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 11,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0032",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Signal light arrangement",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "A set of traffic signal lights is mounted in a vertical line at an intersection. Which color is on top?",
  "options": [
   "Yellow",
   "It depends on the intersection",
   "Red",
   "Green"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "In a vertical traffic signal, red is always the top light. Green is always the bottom light.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 11,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0033",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Left turn on red from a one-way street",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Under what condition can a driver turn left after stopping at a red light?",
  "options": [
   "When the driver is in the left lane and moves from one one-way roadway onto a different one-way roadway, unless a posted sign forbids it",
   "Anytime the driver is already positioned in the leftmost lane, whether the roads meeting at the intersection are one-way or ordinary two-way streets",
   "Only during daylight hours when visibility is clear",
   "Only when there is no cross traffic visible in either direction"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "A left turn on red is allowed only in one case. The driver must be in the left lane, moving from one one-way road onto a different one-way road, unless a sign says not to turn.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 11,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0034",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Steady yellow light",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What does a steady yellow traffic light warn drivers about?",
  "options": [
   "That the light is broken and will stay yellow",
   "That pedestrians have the right of way only",
   "That the intersection is closed to traffic",
   "That a red light is about to appear"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "A steady yellow light warns that red is coming next. Drivers should slow down and get ready to stop.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 11,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0035",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Turning right on red",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "You come to a stop at a red light and want to turn right. No sign restricts the turn. What must you do before turning?",
  "options": [
   "Slow to a rolling stop, then turn if the crosswalk is clear",
   "Stop, look for pedestrians and other traffic, and let them go before you turn",
   "Wait for the green light, since right on red needs a posted sign",
   "Stop, then turn; oncoming traffic must yield to you"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Turning right on red is normally legal, but drivers must stop first. They also need to look for pedestrians and other traffic and let them go before turning.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 11,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0036",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Ramp metering signals",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A highway entrance ramp has a single lane with a ramp metering signal that just turned green. What is true about entering the highway?",
  "options": [
   "The green signal guarantees a safe opening, so no gap check is needed",
   "Only one car may enter on that green signal, and the driver must still find a safe gap in traffic",
   "Multiple cars may proceed together on one green as long as they enter quickly and keep the line moving without gaps between them",
   "The driver must wait for a second green cycle before entering"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "On a single-lane ramp, only one car may go on each green light. The green light does not promise a safe gap, so the driver must still watch for one before entering the highway.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 12,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0037",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Flashing yellow arrow turn",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A left-turn signal shows a flashing yellow arrow. What must the driver do before completing the turn?",
  "options": [
   "Stop completely for three seconds regardless of traffic",
   "Yield to oncoming traffic and pedestrians before turning",
   "Wait until the arrow turns solid yellow before turning",
   "Nothing extra, the turn is fully protected like a steady green arrow"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "A flashing yellow arrow allows a turn, but only with caution. The turn is not protected, so the driver must let oncoming traffic and any pedestrians go first.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 12,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0038",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Flashing red light",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A traffic signal at an intersection is flashing red in all directions. How should a driver treat this signal?",
  "options": [
   "Slow down, then proceed if it looks safe, similar to a flashing yellow light",
   "Slow down but keep moving without stopping",
   "Treat it the same as a STOP sign and come to a complete stop",
   "Stop only if another vehicle is approaching the intersection"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A flashing red light means the same thing as a STOP sign. The driver must stop completely, look both ways, and go only when it is clear.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 12,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0039",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Flashing yellow light",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What should a driver do when approaching an intersection with a flashing yellow light?",
  "options": [
   "Slow down, stay alert, and proceed carefully",
   "Speed up to clear the intersection quickly",
   "Come to a complete stop, then proceed when clear",
   "Wait for a green light before moving"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "A flashing yellow light means caution. Drivers should slow down, stay alert, and move through carefully.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 12,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0040",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Railroad crossing signals",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A driver approaches a railroad crossing where the gate is lowering and red lights are flashing. What must the driver do?",
  "options": [
   "Honk twice and proceed slowly past the gate",
   "Stop and wait, without trying to go around the gate or ignore the signal",
   "Drive around the gate quickly before it fully closes",
   "Stop only if a train is visible in the distance, otherwise ease past the gate slowly"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "When a train is coming, a railroad crossing may show flashing red lights or a lowered gate. A driver must stop and must not try to drive around the gate.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 13,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0041",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Blind pedestrians",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A driver notices a pedestrian crossing the street while carrying a white cane. What must the driver do?",
  "options": [
   "Slow down, but keep going since the pedestrian must wait for a gap in traffic",
   "Proceed first if you reached the crosswalk before the pedestrian did",
   "Slow down, give the pedestrian the right of way, and be ready to stop",
   "Sound your horn so the pedestrian knows a vehicle is approaching, then continue"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A white cane or a guide dog is the signal. Pennsylvania requires drivers to come off the accelerator, let that pedestrian cross first, and keep a foot ready over the brake in case stopping becomes necessary.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 13,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0042",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "School zone signals",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A school zone speed limit sign has yellow signals that are flashing. A driver passes through going 25 mph. What is the consequence?",
  "options": [
   "License suspension on the first offense",
   "A written warning only, with no points or fine",
   "No consequence, since 25 mph is a safe speed near schools",
   "Three points on the driving record and a fine"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Drivers must not go faster than 15 mph when a school zone's yellow signals are flashing. Going faster brings three points on the driving record and a fine.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 13,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0043",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Pedestrian WALK signal",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "At an intersection with pedestrian signals, what does a lighted image of a person walking mean?",
  "options": [
   "Wait, do not cross yet",
   "Pedestrians must wait for a gap in traffic before crossing",
   "Walk, you may begin crossing",
   "Drivers have the right of way"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A lighted symbol of a person walking means the same as a WALK signal. It tells pedestrians they may start crossing.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 13,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0044",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "Flashing DON'T WALK signal",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "The DON'T WALK signal begins flashing while a pedestrian is already partway across the street. What should the pedestrian do?",
  "options": [
   "Finish crossing to the other side",
   "Stop where they are and wait for the signal to change",
   "Wait for a driver to stop and wave them across",
   "Turn back immediately to the curb they left"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "A pedestrian already in the street should finish crossing when the flashing DON'T WALK begins. A pedestrian still at the curb should not start crossing.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 13,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0045",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "stopping at a stop sign",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "At a Pennsylvania STOP sign, which of these actions follows the law?",
  "options": [
   "Stopping only when other traffic is present",
   "Slowing to a crawl if no other cars are visible",
   "Coming to a complete stop every time",
   "Rolling through slowly if the intersection looks empty"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "PA law requires a full stop at every STOP sign. Slowing down without stopping all the way still breaks the law, even if the intersection looks empty.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 14,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0046",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "regulatory sign colors",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Most regulatory signs use a plain black-and-white look, but a NO LEFT TURN sign, marked with a circle-and-slash symbol, adds a third color. Which color is it?",
  "options": [
   "Red",
   "Orange",
   "Blue",
   "Green"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Signs like NO LEFT TURN combine black, white, and red. That sets them apart from the plain black-and-white look of most regulatory signs, such as speed limit postings.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 14,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0047",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "sign categories",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Pennsylvania organizes its road signs into three basic groups. Which of these is one of the three?",
  "options": [
   "Advisory",
   "Warning",
   "Informational",
   "Directional"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "PA groups road signs as regulatory, warning, or guide signs. Most signs in a group share a common shape and color scheme.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 14,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0048",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "four-way stop right-of-way",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Two cars reach a four-way stop at exactly the same moment, arriving from directions that are not directly across from each other. Who has the right-of-way?",
  "options": [
   "The driver on the right",
   "The driver who honks first",
   "The driver on the left",
   "Whichever driver has the larger vehicle"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "When two vehicles arrive at a four-way stop together, the one on the left must let the one on the right go first.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 14,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0049",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "STOP sign shape",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Which shape belongs only to the STOP sign among Pennsylvania road signs?",
  "options": [
   "Octagon",
   "Diamond",
   "Triangle",
   "Circle"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Only the STOP sign has eight sides. Its octagon shape marks it apart from every other sign on the road.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 14,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0050",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "center lane left turn only",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A CENTER LANE LEFT TURN ONLY sign marks a shared center lane. Which use of that lane matches what the sign allows?",
  "options": [
   "Turning left from either direction of travel",
   "Passing slower traffic when the lane is empty",
   "Driving straight through for a short distance to save time",
   "Parking briefly while waiting for a gap in traffic"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The sign hands the middle lane to one group of drivers only: those about to turn left, no matter which way they were headed. Anyone using it to keep going straight or to slip past slower cars is misusing it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 15,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0052",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "DO NOT ENTER and WRONG WAY signs",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "The DO NOT ENTER sign and the WRONG WAY sign are used as a pair on one-way streets and ramps. Where is the WRONG WAY sign placed compared to the DO NOT ENTER sign?",
  "options": [
   "At the point where the one-way street or ramp begins",
   "At the far end of the ramp, facing drivers who are leaving the highway",
   "Mounted just above the DO NOT ENTER sign on the same post",
   "Farther down the same one-way street or ramp"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The DO NOT ENTER sign marks where a one-way street or ramp starts. The WRONG WAY sign sits further along, ready to catch the eye of a driver who already turned in by mistake.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 15,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0053",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "ONE WAY sign",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What does a ONE WAY sign tell drivers about a street?",
  "options": [
   "Traffic may travel in either direction, whichever way the driver prefers",
   "The street is closed to all vehicles",
   "Parking is not allowed at any time",
   "Traffic is meant to flow only the way the sign's arrow points"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Entering a one-way street going the wrong direction risks a head-on crash. The ONE WAY sign points out the single direction traffic is meant to flow.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 15,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0054",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "reserved parking sign",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A RESERVED PARKING sign does not use the usual black-and-white regulatory look, yet it still carries legal weight. What happens to an unauthorized vehicle parked in one of these marked spaces?",
  "options": [
   "The vehicle owner receives points on their driving record",
   "A warning is issued for the first offense only",
   "The vehicle can be fined and towed",
   "Nothing, since the sign is only a suggestion"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A reserved parking sign skips the usual black and white look, but it still counts as a regulatory sign. A vehicle parked there without the right plate or placard can be fined and towed.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 16,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0055",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "left turn yield on flashing yellow arrow",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "At a signal with a flashing yellow arrow for left turns, a nearby sign warns drivers that the turn is not protected. What does this mean the driver must do?",
  "options": [
   "Turn only after yielding the right-of-way to oncoming traffic",
   "Come to a complete stop and wait for the arrow to turn solid green",
   "Ignore the sign, since the flashing arrow alone controls the turn",
   "Turn without slowing down, since the arrow clears the way completely"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "A flashing yellow arrow permits the left turn, but the turn is not protected. Oncoming traffic must be allowed to go first.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 16,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0056",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "speed limit sign",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What does a posted SPEED LIMIT sign actually represent?",
  "options": [
   "A suggested speed that is optional to follow",
   "The average speed of traffic on that road",
   "The highest speed that's legal under ideal conditions",
   "The minimum speed required at all times"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A speed limit sign sets the top legal speed for good driving conditions. A careful driver may still need to go slower when weather or road conditions turn poor.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 16,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0057",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "turn-only lane",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "You notice too late that your lane is marked with an arrow and the word ONLY overhead, and you meant to continue straight. What must you do at the intersection?",
  "options": [
   "Reverse out of the lane before reaching the intersection",
   "Cut across to another lane at the last second",
   "Stop in the lane and wait for traffic to clear",
   "Follow the arrow and make that turn anyway"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "A lane marked by an arrow and the word ONLY makes that turn mandatory. This applies even to a driver who entered the lane by mistake while meaning to go straight.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 16,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0058",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "No Passing Zone sign shape",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "How does the NO PASSING ZONE sign's outline differ from most other warning signs in Pennsylvania?",
  "options": [
   "It is shaped like a pennant, while most warning signs form a diamond",
   "It is shaped like a hexagon, while most warning signs form an oval",
   "It is shaped like a triangle, while most warning signs form a rectangle",
   "It is shaped like a circle, while most warning signs form a square"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Nearly every warning sign has a diamond outline, but the marker for an upcoming no-passing stretch breaks that pattern with a pennant shape instead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 17,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0059",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "set of curves vs sharp turns signs",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "SET OF CURVES and RIGHT AND LEFT SHARP TURNS are similar warning signs. What is the main difference between the advice each one gives?",
  "options": [
   "The sharp turns sign calls for speeding up, while the set of curves sign calls for slowing down",
   "The sharp turns sign calls for slowing down substantially, a stronger caution than the set of curves sign",
   "The sharp turns sign only applies at night, while the set of curves sign applies at all times",
   "The sharp turns sign warns of one curve, while the set of curves sign warns of three curves"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Both signs describe a road bending one way and then the other, but the sharp turns version calls for slowing down substantially, a stronger caution than the plain set of curves sign.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 17,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0060",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "chevron signs",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What is a chevron sign used to show along a curve?",
  "options": [
   "The distance remaining until the curve ends, shown as a countdown in feet",
   "The exact degree angle of the curve, printed in numbers on the sign face",
   "The recommended tire pressure for wet roads, listed in psi below the symbol",
   "The direction the road bends, marking a sharp change in direction"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "A chevron points the way the roadway turns, marking a sharp shift in direction, and several may be spaced through one curve.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 17,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0061",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "left curve sign response",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What should a driver do when approaching a LEFT CURVE sign?",
  "options": [
   "Straddle the center line to get a better view around the bend",
   "Reduce speed and keep the vehicle centered in the lane through the bend",
   "Speed up slightly to maintain momentum through the bend",
   "Move to the far right edge of the lane before the bend"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "For a left curve, a driver should ease off speed and hold a centered lane position while steering through the bend.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 17,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0063",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "warning sign shape and color",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Which description best matches the typical Pennsylvania warning sign?",
  "options": [
   "A red octagon with white lettering",
   "A round sign with white letters set on a blue circle, the usual warning-sign shape",
   "A diamond outline showing black icons or lettering over a yellow field",
   "A green square marked with white arrows pointing toward the coming hazard"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Warning signs generally take a diamond form, using black icons or lettering placed on a yellow field to catch a driver's eye.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 17,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0064",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "purpose of warning signs",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Why are warning signs placed before a dangerous spot instead of right at it?",
  "options": [
   "Because warning signs stay valid for only one mile after they appear, so they must be posted right at that outer limit",
   "So a driver has time to notice the danger and adjust speed or position before reaching it",
   "So the sign does not block the view of regulatory signs",
   "Because state law requires all signs to be spaced evenly apart"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Placing these signs before the danger gives a driver a chance to see what lies ahead and decide whether to slow down or shift position.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 17,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0065",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "added lane sign",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "How is an ADDED LANE sign different from a MERGING TRAFFIC sign?",
  "options": [
   "It applies only to trucks, while merging traffic applies to all vehicles",
   "It means no merging is needed, since a new lane is provided for the entering traffic",
   "It warns of a stop sign ahead, while merging traffic warns of a yield sign",
   "It means the road narrows, while merging traffic means the road widens"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Unlike a merging traffic sign, an added lane sign means entering vehicles get their own new lane, so drivers already on the roadway do not need to make room.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 18,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0066",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "advisory speed sign example",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "In the manual's example, what advisory speed goes with a sharp curve that bends to the left?",
  "options": [
   "25 mph",
   "15 mph",
   "35 mph",
   "45 mph"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The example pairs an advisory speed plate with a sharp curve to the left, listing 25 mph as the recommended speed for that stretch of road.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 18,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0067",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "winding road sign",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What does a WINDING ROAD sign tell a driver about the road ahead?",
  "options": [
   "The road ahead has no more bends for several miles",
   "At least three bends follow one another in sequence",
   "Exactly two bends follow one another",
   "One very sharp bend lies just ahead"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "This sign lets a driver know that three or more bends are lined up one after another on the road ahead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 18,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0068",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "truck rollover sign",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What does the TRUCK ROLLOVER sign identify?",
  "options": [
   "A bridge with weight restrictions for heavy vehicles",
   "A rest stop designed for large trucks",
   "A stretch of road with frequent deer crossings",
   "A curve where trucks moving too fast could tip over"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "This sign flags curve locations where speeding trucks face a real chance of tipping over.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 18,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0069",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "road entering curve sign",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "What hazard does the ROAD ENTERING CURVE sign warn about?",
  "options": [
   "A bridge just ahead has a posted weight limit that heavy trucks and loaded trailers are not allowed to exceed",
   "A driver merging from a side road may not spot you rounding the bend and could swerve into your lane",
   "A traffic signal ahead is malfunctioning",
   "The pavement ahead is unusually slippery when wet"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "This sign marks a place where the main road curves and a side road feeds into it. A driver pulling out from that side road might not notice you rounding the bend, which raises the risk of a collision when speeds are high.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 18,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0070",
  "topic": "signals-and-signs",
  "subtopic": "merging traffic sign",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "When you see a MERGING TRAFFIC sign, who is required to yield?",
  "options": [
   "Vehicles entering from the side roadway must give the right-of-way to traffic already moving on the main road",
   "Drivers already on the major roadway must slow down and let the merging traffic in first, giving those entering vehicles the right-of-way",
   "Whoever is driving the larger vehicle has the right-of-way",
   "Both roadways must come to a complete stop before merging"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "This sign warns that another road or ramp feeds into your lane, and it is the incoming vehicles that must wait for a safe gap in the traffic already on the main roadway.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 18,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0071",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Divided Highway Begins",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "A sign warns that the two-way road you are on will soon split into a divided highway with a median between the opposing lanes. Once you reach that section, where should you keep your vehicle?",
  "options": [
   "On the left side of the median or divider",
   "Straddling the divider so you can switch sides easily",
   "On the right of the median or divider",
   "Wherever traffic seems lighter on either side of the road"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A median or divider on a divided highway keeps opposing traffic apart. Drivers are expected to travel on its right side.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 19,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0072",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Slippery When Wet",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A SLIPPERY WHEN WET sign marks a stretch of road that gets extra slick in wet weather. Which driving approach does the manual recommend there?",
  "options": [
   "Brake hard well before you reach the marked area",
   "Follow closely so you can react quickly to the car ahead and match its braking through the slick stretch",
   "Speed up briefly to clear the slick section faster, since less time on the wet road lowers skid risk",
   "Lower your speed, leave more following distance, and avoid sudden acceleration or braking"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "On a road marked this way, the manual advises easing off the gas and giving yourself extra space behind other cars. It also says to steer through turns very gradually.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 19,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0073",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Lane Ends, Merge Left",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "This sign appears above the right lane of a road with several lanes. What is it telling drivers in that lane to do?",
  "options": [
   "Merge left before their lane ends",
   "Come to a stop where the lane ends and wait for a gap before merging",
   "Exit the highway at the next available ramp",
   "Continue straight because the lane reopens further ahead"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The sign shows that the right lane will end. Traffic in it must work its way into the lane beside it before that happens.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 19,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": "/signs/w4-2-lane-ends.svg",
  "signAlt": "Yellow diamond warning sign with a black symbol showing two lane lines merging into one, the right line bending to meet the left, showing that the right lane ends and traffic must merge left."
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0074",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Divided Highway Ends",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "You are driving on a divided highway and see a DIVIDED HIGHWAY ENDS sign. What should you expect just ahead?",
  "options": [
   "A new divided highway begins just ahead with a wider grass median",
   "A single roadway shared by traffic moving in both directions",
   "A one-way street with several lanes",
   "A closed roadway with a marked detour routing all traffic onto side streets"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Once the divider disappears, vehicles going opposite ways use the same pavement. You need to hold your position right of the centerline and stay alert for cars coming toward you.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 19,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0077",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Low Shoulder and Shoulder Drop Off",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "One of your wheels drifts off the paved road onto a low or soft shoulder. What does the manual warn you not to do?",
  "options": [
   "Ease your foot off the gas pedal gradually",
   "Hold the steering wheel firmly with both hands",
   "Slam the brakes and steer sharply back onto the road",
   "Check for traffic behind you before easing back onto the pavement"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The manual warns that jamming the brakes or jerking the steering wheel after a wheel drops onto a low or soft shoulder can make a driver lose control of the vehicle.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 20,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0078",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Traffic Signal Ahead",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "This sign is posted before an intersection where a hill or curve might hide the traffic signal from view. What should you do when you see it?",
  "options": [
   "Turn on your hazard lights until you reach the intersection",
   "Speed up to reach the signal before it changes",
   "Slow down and be ready to stop if traffic is waiting there",
   "Move into the center lane and wait for a gap"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A curve or hill can block your view of the actual signal. The manual advises slowing down and getting ready to stop in case cars are already stopped ahead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 20,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": "/signs/w3-3-signal-ahead.svg",
  "signAlt": "Yellow diamond warning sign with a black outline of a traffic signal head showing three stacked lights, warning that a signal light is ahead."
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0079",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Deer Crossing",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Where does the manual say you are likely to find a DEER CROSSING sign?",
  "options": [
   "Only within city speed zones",
   "In stretches of road where deer regularly cross and have caused crashes there",
   "At every bridge or underpass in the state where the overhead clearance is posted as too low",
   "Wherever the shoulder is soft or unpaved"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual explains this sign is placed in spots where deer cross often and where crashes involving deer have taken place.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 20,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0080",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "School Zone",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A pentagon-shaped sign is the only five-sided sign used on the road. What does it mean, according to the manual, when it appears by itself without an arrow?",
  "options": [
   "A bicycle route begins at this point",
   "You are getting close to a school zone",
   "You have reached the school zone's marked crosswalk",
   "A railroad crossing is just ahead"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual states this five-sided sign signals a school zone ahead. When a downward arrow is added to it, the sign marks the school zone crosswalk itself.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 21,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": "/signs/s1-1-school.svg",
  "signAlt": "Yellow pentagon-shaped sign, the only five-sided shape used on the roadway, showing a black symbol of two children walking together, marking a school zone."
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0081",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Objects Adjacent to the Roadway",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A roadside hazard marker has stripes that angle down toward the right. Based on the manual's explanation of these markers, what should a driver do?",
  "options": [
   "Stop and wait for the hazard to be marked clearly",
   "Speed up to clear the hazard area quickly",
   "Move toward the center of the road",
   "Move to the right to steer clear of the hazard"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual explains that the angled stripes on these roadside markers point in the direction a driver needs to move to stay clear of the hazard. Stripes angled toward the right mean you should steer right because the hazard sits on the left.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 21,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0082",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Share the Road",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A SHARE THE ROAD sign is placed where there is no shoulder and the lanes are narrow. What is this sign meant to remind drivers to do?",
  "options": [
   "Use the shoulder to pass slower bicycle traffic",
   "Give bicyclists enough room to safely share the lane",
   "Stop completely whenever a bicyclist is nearby",
   "Pass bicyclists quickly so traffic keeps moving"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "This sign appears at tight spots on the roadway, such as places with no shoulder or narrow lanes. It reminds drivers to leave bicyclists enough space to share the road safely.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 21,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0084",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Pedestrian Crossing",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "This sign shows up at a painted crosswalk or ahead of a spot where people on foot often cross the road. What does the manual say you should be ready to do?",
  "options": [
   "Sound your horn to alert anyone nearby",
   "Accelerate slightly to clear the crossing before anyone steps out",
   "Slow down or come to a stop if it becomes necessary",
   "Change lanes to avoid the crossing area entirely"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The manual explains this sign marks a crosswalk or a spot where pedestrians may cross your path. It asks drivers to be ready to slow down or stop when needed.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 21,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": "/signs/w11-2-pedestrian-crossing.svg",
  "signAlt": "Yellow diamond warning sign with a black silhouette of a person walking, marking a place where pedestrians may cross the roadway."
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0085",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Work zone sign color",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "How can you tell a Pennsylvania work zone sign apart from a typical warning sign?",
  "options": [
   "It flashes red lights around its border",
   "It uses an orange background instead of yellow",
   "It uses a green background with white letters",
   "It uses a round shape instead of a diamond shape"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Work zone signs keep the same diamond shape as regular warning signs, but the background changes from yellow to orange so drivers notice the difference right away.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 22,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0086",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Headlights-off fine in work zone",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Police pull you over for a traffic violation inside a work zone, and your headlights are off. What extra cost do you face?",
  "options": [
   "No extra cost, just a verbal warning",
   "An extra $25 added to the fine",
   "An extra $10 added to the fine",
   "An extra $50 added to the fine"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Getting stopped for a violation in a work zone without your headlights on adds a $25 charge on top of whatever penalty you already face.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 22,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0087",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Work zone headlight law",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Under Pennsylvania law, when must drivers turn on their headlights while passing through a posted work zone?",
  "options": [
   "Only when a police officer is directing traffic",
   "Only in work zones where crews are currently working",
   "At any time of day, in every posted work zone",
   "Only between sunset and sunrise"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The headlight requirement covers every posted work zone at any hour, not only the zones where crews happen to be working at that moment.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 22,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0088",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Lane closed ahead sign",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What specific information does a LANE CLOSED AHEAD sign give drivers?",
  "options": [
   "The name of the construction company doing the work",
   "How far away the lane closure begins",
   "The new speed limit inside the work zone",
   "The exact time the lane will reopen"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "This sign lets drivers know that a lane will shut down at a stated distance ahead, rather than right where the sign stands.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 22,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0089",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Active work zone definition",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Which situation matches the definition of an active work zone?",
  "options": [
   "A worker is on the shoulder next to a lane that is still open to traffic",
   "Construction has finished, but the signs have not been taken down yet",
   "Cones have been placed out, but no crew has arrived yet",
   "The posted sign is orange instead of yellow"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "A work zone only counts as active while crew members are actually on the roadway. It also counts as active if they are on the shoulder right next to a lane that is still open to traffic.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 22,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0090",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "EXIT ONLY panel",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A highway guide sign has a yellow EXIT ONLY panel below it. What does that mean for the lane underneath the sign?",
  "options": [
   "The lane continues straight through the interchange",
   "The lane is closed to all traffic",
   "The lane is reserved for buses only",
   "The lane splits off the highway to become a ramp"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "A yellow EXIT ONLY panel means that lane leaves the highway to form a ramp instead of continuing straight. Drivers who want to stay on the highway must move to a different lane before reaching it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 23,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0091",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Arrow panel merge timing",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "According to Pennsylvania guidance, when should you merge after spotting a flashing arrow panel directing traffic out of your lane?",
  "options": [
   "Well before you reach the panel",
   "Only after your lane physically disappears",
   "Only once the panel switches to its caution message",
   "As soon as you are alongside the panel"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Drivers are told to move into the open lane early, well before actually reaching the flashing arrow panel itself.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 23,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0092",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Arrow panel caution display",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "An electric arrow panel near a highway work zone is showing its caution display instead of a directional arrow. What does that tell you?",
  "options": [
   "The panel is broken and can be ignored while you keep driving as usual",
   "You must take the next exit immediately to get off the closed highway",
   "The active work zone has ended, so you may resume normal speed",
   "A work area sits beside your lane, so extra care is needed"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "A caution display means work is happening right beside the travel lane rather than in it, so drivers should stay alert and proceed carefully.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 23,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0093",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Channeling devices",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What job do barrels, tubes, cones, and vertical panels do in a Pennsylvania work zone?",
  "options": [
   "They mark reserved parking for inspectors",
   "They mark the exact points where automated speed cameras clock drivers passing through the zone",
   "They guide drivers safely through shifted traffic patterns and away from hazards",
   "They show where the work zone fine doubles for any speeding caught along that section"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "These channeling devices lead drivers through changed traffic patterns and keep them clear of dangers tied to the road work.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 23,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0094",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Mile marker direction",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Driving east on Interstate 80 after entering Pennsylvania from the west, what should you expect the mile marker numbers to do?",
  "options": [
   "Stay the same the entire way across the state",
   "Reset to zero at every county line",
   "Climb higher the farther east you travel",
   "Count down toward zero"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Mile markers begin near the western state line and climb as you head east, so a higher number means you have traveled farther into the state.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 24,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0095",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Three-digit interstate spur routes",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Interstate 180 near Williamsport carries a three-digit number starting with an odd digit. What does that indicate about I-180?",
  "options": [
   "It travels through three different states",
   "It forms a loop that connects to the same interstate at both ends",
   "It is a spur that connects to another interstate at only one end",
   "It is reserved for commercial trucks only"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "When the first digit of a three-digit interstate number is odd, the road is usually a spur. It connects to another interstate at just one end, as with I-180 near Williamsport.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 24,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0096",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Exit side indicator",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "On a Pennsylvania highway guide sign, the small green EXIT number marker sits above the left edge of the main sign instead of the right edge. What does that positioning tell you?",
  "options": [
   "The exit has been permanently closed",
   "That exit leaves the roadway on the left-hand side",
   "That exit leaves the roadway on the right-hand side",
   "Two separate exits are combined into one ramp"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "That small marker sits on whichever side matches the actual side of the highway where the exit ramp leaves the road.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 24,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0097",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "Interstate numbering, even digits",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What does an even-numbered interstate highway shield generally tell you about the route's direction?",
  "options": [
   "It runs mainly east and west",
   "It only exists within one county",
   "It connects to another interstate at both of its ends",
   "It runs mainly north and south"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Interstates with even numbers are generally laid out running east and west, while odd-numbered interstates generally run north and south.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 24,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0098",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "supplemental arrow",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A route marker assembly shows a direction plate and an arrow bent toward the right beneath it. What should the driver expect?",
  "options": [
   "A left turn is needed later to leave the route",
   "The road ahead intersects with the route shown on the marker",
   "You must continue straight ahead to reach that route",
   "A right turn coming up to continue on that route"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "An added arrow on a route marker assembly warns that a turn, in this case to the right, is needed soon to remain on the same numbered route.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 25,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0099",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "keystone marker",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "A sign shaped like a keystone with a number on it stands for what kind of road?",
  "options": [
   "An interstate highway",
   "A Pennsylvania traffic route",
   "A U.S. traffic route",
   "A local township road"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "A keystone-shaped marker with a number identifies a numbered Pennsylvania traffic route, not a U.S. or interstate route.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 25,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0100",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "junction plate",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A small plate reading JCT above a route number tells a driver what?",
  "options": [
   "That the driver has already merged onto that numbered route",
   "That the road surface changes to gravel ahead",
   "That road construction is starting soon",
   "That the numbered route is coming up at an intersection ahead"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "A junction plate warns that the intersection with the numbered route named on the sign is coming up ahead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 25,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0101",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "service signs",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Along a highway, a blue sign shaped like a square or rectangle showing a symbol for food or gas tells a driver what?",
  "options": [
   "Where to find that type of service near the next exit",
   "That the next exit is closed to trucks",
   "That a rest area is required by law at the next exit",
   "The distance remaining to the state border"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Blue signs marked with symbols such as food or gas point drivers toward places offering that service close to the next exit.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 25,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0102",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "direction plate",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "On a route marker assembly, a small plate that says WEST above the route number tells the driver what?",
  "options": [
   "The direction the driver is currently traveling on that numbered route",
   "The direction traffic must yield from",
   "The direction you must turn to reach the closest hospital or emergency room off that route",
   "That the route ends to the west"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "A direction plate above a route number shows which way, such as west, the driver is currently traveling on that numbered route.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 25,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0104",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "tourist-oriented directional signs",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What is the purpose of a brown or blue sign with white lettering that points toward a historical landmark or museum?",
  "options": [
   "To point drivers toward tourist attractions",
   "To warn drivers of a low bridge or tunnel clearance ahead",
   "To mark where gas and food are available at the next exit",
   "To identify the county or municipality you are entering"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "These signs lead drivers toward places that visitors like to see, such as museums, landmarks, or parks.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 25,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0105",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "single broken yellow centerline",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A two-lane road's centerline is one dashed yellow stripe rather than a solid line. A driver wants to pass a slow vehicle ahead once it is safe to do so. Which lane must the driver briefly use to complete the pass?",
  "options": [
   "Either lane, since a dashed stripe means passing is banned",
   "A newly created lane on the paved shoulder",
   "The lane normally used by oncoming traffic",
   "The same lane, staying directly behind the slow vehicle"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A driver may pass on either side of a dashed yellow stripe when it is safe, but must briefly borrow the lane meant for vehicles coming from the other direction to finish the pass.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 26,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0106",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "double solid yellow centerline",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A two-way road has two solid yellow lines painted down the middle, with no NO PASSING sign posted anywhere. Can a driver legally pass another vehicle there?",
  "options": [
   "Yes, since there is no sign forbidding it",
   "No, but only for vehicles heading downhill, while those going uphill may still pass",
   "No, the double solid yellow line itself forbids passing in both directions",
   "Yes, as long as the vehicle ahead is slow moving, since drivers may go around slower traffic here"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Two solid yellow lines mean passing is not allowed for drivers going either direction, whether or not a NO PASSING sign is present.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 26,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0107",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "combined yellow centerline",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A two-way road's centerline pairs a solid yellow line with a broken yellow line running next to each other. A driver notices the broken line is closer to their own lane. What does this mean for passing?",
  "options": [
   "Passing is allowed if the way ahead is clear and safe",
   "Passing is allowed only for motorcycles",
   "Passing is allowed only in the far left lane",
   "Passing is never allowed on this type of road"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "When the broken part of a two-part yellow centerline sits nearer to a driver's own lane, passing is allowed if conditions are safe. When the solid part sits nearer, passing is not allowed.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 26,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0108",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "yellow centerline",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "A yellow line painted on the road tells a driver what about nearby traffic?",
  "options": [
   "That lane is closed for construction",
   "Traffic on the other side of that line is parked",
   "Traffic on the other side of that line is moving in the opposite direction",
   "Traffic on the other side of that line is moving the same direction"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A yellow line separates traffic moving toward each other, while white lines separate traffic moving the same way.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 26,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0109",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "center turn lane marking",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Some three-lane and five-lane highways mark off a middle lane using both solid and broken yellow lines. What is that middle lane meant for?",
  "options": [
   "Parking during off-peak hours",
   "Buses and taxis exclusively",
   "Passing slower traffic in either direction",
   "Making left turns only, not for passing"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "On these roads, the middle lane marked with solid and broken yellow lines is set aside only for drivers making left turns, and it may not be used to pass other vehicles.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 26,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0110",
  "topic": "signs-and-markings",
  "subtopic": "pavement marking purpose",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What do painted lines on most roads generally show a driver?",
  "options": [
   "The center line, the travel lanes, and the outer edges of the road",
   "The speed limit that applies to that stretch of road",
   "Which parts of the shoulder allow parking",
   "Which lanes are reserved for buses and taxis"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Painted road lines mark out the center line, the lanes used for travel, and where the road ends at its edges.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings",
   "page": 26,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0111",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "finding recommended tire pressure",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Before checking your tire pressure, where should you look to find the correct psi for your vehicle?",
  "options": [
   "The owner's manual or the label on the driver's door jamb",
   "The vehicle's insurance card",
   "The number printed on the tire's sidewall, which is the psi set for your car",
   "The sticker on the rear bumper, which shows the psi the factory set"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The manual points drivers to the owner's manual or the door jamb on the driver's side for the recommended psi, rather than guessing.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 35,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0112",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "tire tread depth",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "During the penny test, you place a penny into your tire's tread with Lincoln's head pointing down. What does it mean if the tread still hides part of his head?",
  "options": [
   "Your wheels are out of alignment and need service",
   "Your tire is losing air and should be checked",
   "Your tread depth is still safe enough to grip the road",
   "Your tire pressure needs to be checked immediately"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The manual explains that a tire is still within a safe tread range as long as part of Lincoln's head remains hidden by the tread.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 35,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0113",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "checking tires cold",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "For the most accurate tire pressure reading, when should you check your tires?",
  "options": [
   "As soon as you notice the tires are low",
   "Once a year, during your annual safety inspection visit",
   "Before driving or at least three hours after",
   "Right after a long drive, while the tires are still warm"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The manual says to check tire pressure while the tires are cool, before you start driving or after the car has been parked for at least three hours.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 35,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0114",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "rearview mirror objects",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Under Pennsylvania law described in the manual, when are you allowed to hang a placard or permit from your rearview mirror?",
  "options": [
   "Only on rural roads",
   "Only while the vehicle is parked",
   "Anytime, as long as it does not block your view",
   "Only while driving under 25 mph"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual notes that permits, tags, and placards belong on the rearview mirror only once the vehicle has stopped and is parked; hanging objects there while driving breaks the law.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 35,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0115",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "securing loose cargo",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Why does the manual recommend putting heavy items like backpacks or tools in the trunk instead of leaving them loose in the cabin?",
  "options": [
   "Loose items make the car harder to steer",
   "Loose items are more likely to get stolen when they are left sitting out in plain view inside the cabin",
   "In a crash, unsecured items keep moving at the vehicle's prior speed and can strike passengers",
   "Loose items sliding around the cabin can scratch the upholstery and damage trim, lowering the car's resale value"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The manual warns that during a crash, anything not secured keeps traveling at the speed the car was going right before impact, turning it into a projectile inside the cabin.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 35,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0116",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "vehicle ventilation",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "According to the manual, what are the two benefits of keeping fresh air flowing through your vehicle while you drive?",
  "options": [
   "It reduces engine noise and improves fuel economy by drawing in cooler outside air",
   "It cools the engine and extends tire life",
   "It keeps you alert behind the wheel and helps prevent carbon monoxide poisoning",
   "It keeps the windows from fogging up and saves battery power by easing the load on the heater"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Fresh air circulating through the cabin is described in the manual as a way to stay alert and lower the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning during a drive.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 36,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0117",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "door locks and seat belts",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Besides reducing the risk of carjacking, why does the manual recommend locking your doors while you drive?",
  "options": [
   "It stops the airbags from deploying too early, keeping them from going off before a crash fully unfolds",
   "It prevents the windows from fogging",
   "It keeps the interior quieter at highway speed by sealing wind and road noise out of the cabin",
   "Combined with a seat belt, it lowers the chance of being thrown from the vehicle in a crash"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual explains that locking your doors, along with wearing a seat belt, helps keep a driver inside the vehicle if a crash happens. Someone thrown out of a vehicle in a crash is 75 percent more likely to die than someone who stays inside.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 36,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0118",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "head restraint adjustment",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "How high should you adjust your head restraint, according to the manual?",
  "options": [
   "As low as possible for comfort",
   "So its top sits at or above the top of your ears",
   "Level with the middle of your shoulder blades",
   "So it touches the roof of the car"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual instructs drivers to raise the head restraint until its top edge sits level with, or higher than, the top of the ears, which lowers the chance of a serious neck injury in a crash.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 36,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0119",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "distraction research",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "The manual cites research on drivers missing important road events. Which comparison does it report?",
  "options": [
   "Teens who text miss events less often than adults who talk",
   "All drivers, regardless of distraction, miss about 10 percent of events, since dialing a phone barely changes how much a driver notices",
   "Adults dialing a phone miss events more often than teens do, because younger drivers stay more focused on the road",
   "An undistracted driver misses about 3 percent of events, but a teen dialing a phone misses more than half"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual reports that a driver who is not distracted fails to notice a critical event only 3 percent of the time, while a teenager dialing a phone misses the same kind of event 53 percent of the time.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 36,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0120",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "defining distracted driving",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "The manual defines a driving distraction as anything that does one of three things. Which of the following best matches that definition?",
  "options": [
   "Anything that raises your heart rate or makes you tense while driving, since bodily stress is the true root of driver distraction",
   "Anything that makes the radio volume louder than normal",
   "Anything that requires you to use turn signals",
   "Anything that pulls your focus from driving, takes your eyes off the road, or takes your hands off the wheel"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Per the manual, a distraction is defined by three effects: losing focus on driving, looking away from the road, or letting go of the wheel with your hands.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 36,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0121",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "drowsy driving statistics",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "According to the statistics the manual cites for the United States, roughly how many crashes each year are linked to drivers falling asleep at the wheel?",
  "options": [
   "About 100,000",
   "About 40,000",
   "About 10,000",
   "About 1.5 million"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The manual reports that falling asleep behind the wheel is linked to at least 100,000 crashes across the country each year. This adds up to about 1,500 deaths and 40,000 injuries, and nearly half of these crashes involve drivers ages 15 to 24.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 37,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0122",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "responding to drowsiness",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "If you start to feel drowsy while you are driving, what does the manual say you should do?",
  "options": [
   "Turn up the radio and roll down the window",
   "Switch to a caffeinated drink and keep going",
   "Speed up to reach your destination sooner",
   "Stop driving"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual is direct about fatigue: once you feel tired behind the wheel, the safest choice is to stop driving rather than push through it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 37,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0123",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "underage BAC limit",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "In Pennsylvania, at what blood alcohol level does the manual say a driver younger than 21 is treated as driving under the influence?",
  "options": [
   ".08 percent or more",
   ".02 percent or more",
   ".05 percent or more",
   "Any amount is legal until age 21"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual states that once a driver younger than 21 reaches a blood alcohol concentration of .02 percent or higher, state law treats them as driving under the influence.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 37,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0124",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "fatigue and alcohol comparison",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "The manual compares driving while sleep-deprived to driving after drinking. What does it say happens after 24 hours without any sleep?",
  "options": [
   "It affects driving about as much as a .08 percent blood alcohol level",
   "It affects driving about as much as a .02 percent blood alcohol level",
   "It has no measurable effect on driving ability",
   "It affects driving about as much as a .10 percent blood alcohol level"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual explains that going without sleep for a full 24 hours affects your driving almost as much as a .10 percent blood alcohol level. Being awake 18 hours compares to a .05 percent level instead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 37,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0125",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "physician reporting requirement",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Under Pennsylvania law described in the manual, what must a physician do after diagnosing a patient with a medical issue that could make driving unsafe?",
  "options": [
   "Report it to PennDOT",
   "Report it to the patient's auto insurance company",
   "Report it to the local police department",
   "Wait for the patient to self-report at their next license renewal"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The manual states that Pennsylvania requires physicians to notify PennDOT whenever they diagnose a patient with a medical condition that could make it unsafe for that person to drive.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 37,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0126",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Alcohol: what actually lowers BAC",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A driver has been drinking and wants to sober up quickly before driving home. According to the manual, what actually lowers blood alcohol concentration?",
  "options": [
   "A cold shower right before driving",
   "The passage of time",
   "Other caffeinated drinks like soda",
   "A hot cup of black coffee"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual says caffeinated drinks and cold showers do nothing to bring down blood alcohol concentration; only the passage of time can do that.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 38,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0127",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Drugs: share of motorist deaths",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "About what share of motorist deaths each year involve drugs other than alcohol, according to the manual?",
  "options": [
   "60 percent",
   "20 percent",
   "43 percent",
   "5 percent"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual reports that drugs besides alcohol play a role in roughly one-fifth of all motorist deaths recorded annually.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 38,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0128",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Alcohol: the only safe amount",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "According to the manual, how much alcohol can you safely drink before driving?",
  "options": [
   "None",
   "A single drink consumed slowly",
   "Whatever keeps you under the legal limit",
   "Two drinks spaced an hour apart"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Even a blood alcohol level far under the legal limit still raises your crash risk, so the manual identifies zero as the only truly safe amount to drink before driving.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 38,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0129",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Alcohol: standard drink sizes",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Per the manual, which of these counts as one standard drink?",
  "options": [
   "5 ounces of wine",
   "12 ounces of 80 proof liquor",
   "1.5 ounces of regular beer",
   "8 ounces of wine"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "A standard drink equals 1.5 ounces of liquor that is 80 proof, a 12 ounce serving of regular beer, or a 5 ounce glass of wine, all treated as equal by the manual.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 38,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0132",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Space management: six areas",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "How many areas of space around your vehicle does the manual say a driver must be able to manage?",
  "options": [
   "Eight",
   "Six",
   "Two",
   "Four"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual's space management diagram divides the area around a vehicle into six zones that a driver needs to watch and control.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 39,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0133",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Major crash types for new drivers",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "In the manual's breakdown of new-driver crashes in Pennsylvania, four crash types together make up the large majority of both crashes and crash deaths. Which of these is NOT one of the four types listed?",
  "options": [
   "Rear-end collisions",
   "Head-on collisions",
   "Hitting a stationary object",
   "Rollover crashes on curves"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual's four leading crash types for new Pennsylvania drivers are collisions with an object that wasn't moving, wrecks at spots where one road meets another such as a driveway or intersection, rear-end hits, and head-on hits. A rollover on a curve is not part of that list.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 39,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0134",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Teen crash rate in 2017",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Per the teen crash fact in the manual, what percentage of 16-year-old Pennsylvania drivers were involved in a reportable crash during 2017?",
  "options": [
   "2.7 percent",
   "25 percent",
   "15 percent",
   "7.2 percent"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual's 2017 teen crash fact states that 7.2 percent of all 16-year-old drivers in Pennsylvania had a reportable crash that year.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 39,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0135",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Following distance: the 4-second rule",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Under what road condition does the manual say a 4-second following distance is enough to let you steer or brake around a hazard?",
  "options": [
   "When the pavement is dry",
   "When traffic is heavy",
   "When it is raining",
   "When you are on a downhill grade"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The manual ties the 4-second following distance to dry pavement, where it gives a driver enough room to steer or brake away from a sudden hazard.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 39,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0137",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Measuring your following distance",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "How does the manual say you should check whether your following distance is safe?",
  "options": [
   "Check your speedometer against the posted speed limit and widen the gap only above that limit",
   "Watch a fixed point the vehicle ahead passes and count the seconds until you reach it",
   "Ask a passenger to judge the gap",
   "Estimate the distance in car lengths"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual has you pick a fixed point, like a road marking or telephone pole, that the car ahead passes, then count the seconds until you reach that same point to see if you are too close.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 40,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0138",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Splitting the difference between hazards",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Parked cars line the right side of the road and oncoming traffic is on your left. According to the manual, what should you do?",
  "options": [
   "Move as close as possible to the parked cars",
   "Speed up to pass the parked cars quickly",
   "Slow down and steer a middle path between the two dangers",
   "Stop and wait for the oncoming traffic to clear completely"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "When hazards show up on either side of the roadway at the same time, the manual advises slowing down and steering a middle path, described as splitting the difference, between the parked cars and the oncoming traffic.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 40,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0139",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Space cushion: minimum escape path",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Suppose neither side of your car has at least eight feet of clear room for you to escape into if needed. What does the manual say you should do instead?",
  "options": [
   "Stop the vehicle immediately and wait for more room to open",
   "Switch on your hazard lights",
   "Increase your following distance to add more space ahead",
   "Drive faster to clear the area quickly and reach open road again"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The manual says that when you cannot find eight feet of clearance on either side to serve as an escape path, you should make up for it by leaving extra room in front of you, lengthening the gap to the vehicle ahead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 40,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0141",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Handling a tailgater with no open lane",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A tailgater is right behind you, and no right lane is open for you to use. What can you do to encourage that driver to pass?",
  "options": [
   "Flash your brake lights repeatedly without slowing down so the tailgater sees the warning and drops back",
   "Accelerate hard until the tailgater falls behind",
   "Wait until the road ahead is open, then ease off your speed with gentle taps on the brake",
   "Pull onto the shoulder and stop your vehicle completely so the tailgater has a clear lane to speed past you"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Waiting for a clear stretch of road and then easing off your speed with light taps on the brake pedal gives a tailgater room and reason to move around you.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 41,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0142",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Responding to tailgaters",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Someone is following too closely behind you. If it's possible, what should you do first?",
  "options": [
   "Move into the right lane",
   "Brake hard to warn the other driver",
   "Speed up as much as your vehicle allows",
   "Turn on your high beams"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "When it's possible, moving into the right lane is the first step to let a tailgater get past you safely.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 41,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0143",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Understanding blind spots",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What is a blind spot?",
  "options": [
   "The lane directly behind your vehicle, which your mirrors can never show you at any moment",
   "The zone covered only by your rearview mirror",
   "Any area lit up by your headlights at night",
   "Any space around your vehicle that you cannot see without turning your head"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "A blind spot is any area around your car that stays out of view unless you physically turn your head to check it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 41,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0144",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Scanning technique while looking ahead",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Which of the following is NOT a good way to search for hazards far down the road?",
  "options": [
   "Keeping your eyes locked on the middle of the road the whole time",
   "Looking ahead about 12 to 15 seconds for developing problems",
   "Searching well down the road so you can react to trouble early",
   "Scanning across the full width of the road, including the sides"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Fixing your eyes on just the middle of the road causes you to miss hazards near the edges, so drivers should keep scanning the whole roadway as they look far ahead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 41,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0145",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Staying out of other drivers' blind spots",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "You have been driving alongside another vehicle, just slightly behind its rear bumper, for the past minute. What should you do?",
  "options": [
   "Keep going at the exact same speed since you are not in danger",
   "Move even closer so the other driver notices you",
   "Honk your horn to alert the other driver you are there",
   "Change your speed, ahead or behind, so the other driver can see you again"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Linger beside another vehicle or just off its rear corner and you sit in a pocket the other driver cannot see without turning their head. The cure is a change of pace: move clear of that pocket by getting ahead of it or letting it get ahead of you.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 41,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0146",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "The left-right-left rule at intersections",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "At an intersection, what order does the left-right-left rule tell you to look in?",
  "options": [
   "Straight, left, right",
   "Left, straight, right",
   "Left, right, left",
   "Right, left, right"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The rule has you check left first, then right, then left one more time just before you pull out into the intersection.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 42,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0147",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Handling a blocked view at intersections",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Parked cars are blocking your view of a cross street. What is the safest way to get a better look before you pull out?",
  "options": [
   "Honk your horn, then pull out at your normal speed",
   "Reverse further away and try a different route",
   "Wait for the parked cars to leave before you move at all",
   "Creep ahead slowly until you have a clear view of the street"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "When buildings, shrubs, or parked cars block your line of sight, inching ahead a little at a time helps you find a clear view before you enter the intersection.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 42,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0148",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Why look left first at intersections",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Why does the left-right-left rule start with a look to the left?",
  "options": [
   "Traffic coming from the left will reach you sooner than traffic from the right",
   "Pedestrians almost always cross into the street from the left, the first hazard to clear",
   "Checking right first would break the flow of traffic",
   "The right side of the road has fewer hazards to check"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Traffic approaching from your left is already closer to your path than traffic from the right, so checking that direction first gives you the earliest possible warning.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 42,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0149",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Caution at stop signs and signals",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "You are approaching an intersection that has a stop sign. Should you count on the cross traffic actually stopping?",
  "options": [
   "Yes, a stop sign guarantees every driver will stop",
   "Yes, as long as you have already looked left, right, then left again",
   "No, some drivers do not stop even at a stop sign",
   "Yes, if your view of the cross street is not blocked by parked cars"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Even where a sign or signal tells traffic to stop, some drivers will roll through anyway, so you need to stay watchful rather than assume they will yield.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 42,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0150",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Lane changes on multi-lane roads",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "You want to change lanes on a road that has three lanes going the same direction. Besides signaling, what else should you check?",
  "options": [
   "Only the lane immediately next to you",
   "Only your rearview mirror, not your side mirrors",
   "Nothing else, since your signal warns everyone",
   "Every lane, not just the one you plan to enter"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "On a road with three or more lanes, another driver further over might want that same open spot. Checking every lane matters more than checking just the lane beside you.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 42,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0151",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Following distance and vehicle wear",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Besides helping you avoid crashes, what other benefit does keeping plenty of distance from other vehicles offer, according to the eco-driving tips?",
  "options": [
   "It shortens the total travel time of your trip",
   "It qualifies your vehicle for lower insurance rates",
   "It saves your vehicle from wear and tear",
   "It improves your fuel economy by about seven percent"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Keeping enough space between you and other vehicles does more than keep you safe. It also means less wear and tear builds up on your car over time.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 43,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0152",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "How speed limits are posted on highways",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "On Pennsylvania interstate highways, where is the maximum speed limit posted, and how does that differ from other highways?",
  "options": [
   "After each interchange on interstates; roughly every half mile on other highways",
   "Every mile on interstates; every two miles on other highways",
   "Only at the state line on interstates; every mile on other highways",
   "There is no posting requirement on interstates; only on other highways"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Interstate highways post the maximum speed limit after every interchange, while other highways post it at roughly half-mile intervals instead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 43,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0153",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Why nighttime driving is riskier",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Traffic fatality rates at night are significantly higher than during the day. Which of these is NOT one of the reasons given for why night driving is more dangerous?",
  "options": [
   "A larger share of drowsy or drunk drivers are out driving after dark",
   "Heavier traffic volume after sunset than during the day",
   "Darkness severely limits how well you can see the road",
   "Other drivers' headlights can throw off enough glare to blind you for a moment"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Limited nighttime vision, headlight glare, and a greater share of drowsy or impaired drivers are the reasons given for higher nighttime crash rates. Heavier traffic volume after dark is not one of them.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 43,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0154",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "Pennsylvania's maximum speed limit",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What is the highest posted speed limit allowed anywhere in Pennsylvania?",
  "options": [
   "60 mph",
   "70 mph",
   "65 mph",
   "75 mph"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Pennsylvania sets its top posted speed limit at 70 mph, the highest speed drivers will see posted on any road in the state.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 43,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0155",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "School zone speed limits",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "When are you required to slow to the school zone speed limit of 15 mph?",
  "options": [
   "Only if children are visibly crossing the street",
   "Whenever you see any school building, at any time",
   "When the sign's warning lights are blinking, or during the time period the sign lists",
   "Only during morning drop-off, since the reduced limit does not apply once classes have started"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The lower school zone limit applies while the sign's lights are blinking, or during specific hours printed on the sign. School zones always carry a lower limit than the surrounding road.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 43,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0156",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "night vision limits",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Based on the manual, driving in low light at night mainly makes it harder to do what?",
  "options": [
   "Remember your route",
   "Grip the steering wheel",
   "Hear other vehicles",
   "Judge how far away objects are"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual explains that dim light makes it harder to judge distance, tell colors apart, and catch movement at the edge of your vision.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 44,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0157",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "headlight law distance",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Pennsylvania law says you must turn on your headlights when you cannot see pedestrians or vehicles ahead for what distance?",
  "options": [
   "250 feet",
   "1,000 feet",
   "2,000 feet",
   "500 feet"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "State law requires headlights whenever visibility of people or vehicles on the road drops below 1,000 feet ahead of your vehicle.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 44,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0158",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "headlight purpose",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What are the two jobs headlights do for a driver at night?",
  "options": [
   "Signal your turns to other drivers",
   "Improve your tires' grip on wet roads, shortening how far you slide when it rains",
   "Save fuel and reduce engine wear during long trips taken after nightfall",
   "Help you see the road ahead and help other drivers see your vehicle"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Headlights are meant to let you see what is ahead and to make your vehicle visible to others on the road.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 44,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0159",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "overdriving headlights",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Why does the manual suggest keeping your speed at or below 45 mph on a dark road at night?",
  "options": [
   "Because low beams reach only around 250 feet down the road, less than the distance needed to stop from a faster speed",
   "Because tires wear out faster above 45 mph in the dark",
   "Because insurance rates increase for nighttime speeds over 45 mph, and a citation at that speed raises your premium sharply",
   "Because Pennsylvania sets a blanket nighttime speed limit of 45 mph on all roads, a cap that begins at sunset no matter how well lit the road is"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Low beam headlights reach only around 250 feet down the road. Stopping from 55 mph takes farther than that even on dry pavement, so a top speed near 45 mph keeps you within what your headlights show you.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 44,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0162",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "snow or ice fine",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "If snow or ice flies off your vehicle and seriously injures someone, what fine could you face per offense, according to the manual?",
  "options": [
   "$200 to $1,000",
   "$50 to $500",
   "$1,000 to $5,000",
   "$25 to $100"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Pennsylvania law allows a fine between $200 and $1,000 for each time snow or ice falling from a vehicle causes death or serious injury.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 45,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0163",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "wet road following distance",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "On wet roads, how much should you extend your following distance, according to the manual?",
  "options": [
   "To 5 or 6 seconds",
   "To 1 second",
   "To 10 or 12 seconds",
   "To 2 or 3 seconds"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The manual advises cutting speed by roughly 5 to 10 miles per hour and stretching your gap behind the car ahead to 5 or 6 seconds whenever the roadway is wet.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 45,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0164",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "black ice signs",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What is a telltale sign that black ice might be on the road ahead?",
  "options": [
   "The pavement looks dry, though it is below freezing",
   "The pavement looks wet and other cars are splashing heavily",
   "The pavement has a white, frosty look in shady spots",
   "The pavement looks wet, yet no mist rises from the tires of the cars ahead"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual explains that a road which looks wet but shows no tire spray from other vehicles may actually be covered in black ice.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 45,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0165",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "hydroplaning prevention",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What is one good way to lower your chances of hydroplaning, according to the manual?",
  "options": [
   "Drive at a slower speed",
   "Follow closer to the car ahead",
   "Turn on your high beams",
   "Use cruise control"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The manual states that slowing down lowers the risk of hydroplaning, since higher speeds make it harder for tires to clear water off the road.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 45,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0166",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "cruise control on ice",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Why does the manual advise against using cruise control on slippery roads?",
  "options": [
   "Cruise control interferes with your defroster settings",
   "Cruise control automatically speeds you up on hills",
   "Cruise control makes your brakes less responsive no matter the road surface, dulling the pedal so you cannot stop as quickly even on dry pavement",
   "Cruise control keeps applying power to the wheels, which stops you from cutting power to recover from a wheel-spin"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "If your wheels start spinning on snow, ice, slush or rain, you need to cut power to regain control. Cruise control keeps supplying power on its own, which works against you.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 45,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0167",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "fog danger",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "According to the manual, which weather condition is likely the riskiest to drive in?",
  "options": [
   "Light rain",
   "Bright sunshine",
   "Fog",
   "Mild wind"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The manual ranks fog as likely the riskiest driving condition, since you cannot spot dangers ahead of you, and other drivers cannot spot your car either.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 46,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0168",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "clearing snow before driving",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Why does the manual say to clear snow off your entire vehicle, not just the windshield, before driving?",
  "options": [
   "Leftover snow makes the vehicle heavier and slower to brake, since the load piled on the roof and hood drags out your stops",
   "Leftover snow can blow onto your windshield or onto the windshield of whoever is driving behind you",
   "Leftover snow can damage the paint permanently",
   "Leftover snow blocks the defroster vents so they stop working"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Loose snow on the hood, trunk or roof can blow onto your own windshield. It can also blow onto the windshield of the driver following you, blocking the view either way.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 46,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0169",
  "topic": "fitness-and-safe-driving",
  "subtopic": "fog and speed awareness",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Why does the manual say to watch your speedometer closely when driving through fog?",
  "options": [
   "Fog makes your speedometer needle stick in place, so the gauge freezes at one reading and stops tracking your true speed",
   "Fog hides the usual visual cues for judging your speed, so you can speed up without realizing it",
   "Fog causes speedometers to read falsely low, so drivers keep speeding up chasing a number that never climbs",
   "Fog interferes with GPS speed tracking only"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual points out that fog strips away the visual cues drivers normally rely on to gauge speed, making it easy to accelerate without noticing.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 46,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0171",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Handling a Cyclist and Oncoming Traffic Together",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A cyclist is riding near the right side of your lane, and at the same moment a vehicle is coming toward you from the opposite direction. What is the correct order of actions?",
  "options": [
   "Speed up to get past the cyclist before the oncoming vehicle arrives.",
   "Slow down so the oncoming car passes first, then steer left around the cyclist.",
   "Stop in your lane and wait until both the cyclist and the oncoming vehicle have cleared.",
   "Move left immediately to pass the cyclist while the oncoming vehicle is still approaching."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual says to handle one hazard at a time. Slow down so the oncoming vehicle can pass first, then move toward the cyclist only once it's gone by.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 47,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0172",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Snow Squall Warning Duration",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "About how long does a National Weather Service Snow Squall Warning typically last for a given roadway?",
  "options": [
   "Around 15 minutes",
   "Roughly half a day",
   "About 2 hours",
   "Under 45 minutes"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "These warnings usually last less than 45 minutes for a given roadway, since a squall moves through the area fast.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 47,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0173",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Headlight and Wiper Law Trigger",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Pennsylvania's headlight and wiper law says a driver must turn on headlights under which condition?",
  "options": [
   "Any time the wipers are running steadily or on and off because of weather",
   "Only when the temperature drops below freezing and ice starts to form on the glass",
   "Only when fog reduces visibility to under 100 feet, since thinner fog leaves headlights optional",
   "Only after sunset, regardless of weather"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The law ties headlight use to wiper use in bad weather. Daytime running lights alone don't meet it, because your tail lights must be lit too.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 47,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0174",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Headlight and Wiper Law Fine",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What is the base fine amount printed in the manual for breaking the headlight and wiper law, before extra fees are added?",
  "options": [
   "$100",
   "$25",
   "$10",
   "$50"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual lists a base fine of $25 for this violation. Added fees and costs can push the real total close to $100.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 47,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0175",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Snow Squall Response",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "While driving, you notice a snow squall approaching or know one is nearby. What does the manual say you should do?",
  "options": [
   "Speed up to get through the area before it hits.",
   "Turn on your high beams and keep driving at the same speed.",
   "Leave the roadway and wait until the squall passes.",
   "Stop in your travel lane until visibility improves."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The manual's advice for an approaching squall is to get off the road and wait until it passes, not drive through it or try to outrun it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 47,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0176",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Turn Signal Timing by Speed",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Pennsylvania law sets two different minimum signaling distances before a turn, based on your speed. Which pairing is correct?",
  "options": [
   "100 feet at any speed",
   "300 feet under 35 mph; 100 feet at 35 mph or more",
   "100 feet if under 35 mph; 300 feet if 35 mph or faster",
   "50 feet if under 35 mph; 150 feet if 35 mph or faster"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "State law splits the signal timing by speed. Use at least 100 feet of warning below 35 mph, and at least 300 feet once you're at 35 mph or faster.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 48,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0177",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Slow Moving Farm Vehicles",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What does an orange triangle mounted on the rear of a farm tractor or horse-drawn vehicle tell other drivers?",
  "options": [
   "The vehicle has broken down and is stopped",
   "The vehicle is carrying an oversized load",
   "The vehicle may never be passed",
   "The vehicle normally travels at 25 mph or slower"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "That orange triangle means the vehicle usually moves at 25 mph or less, slower than normal traffic. Stay back at a safe distance, and skip the horn when you pass.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 48,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0178",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Passing Distance for Cyclists",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "When you move left to pass a bicyclist after letting oncoming traffic clear, how much space does the manual say to leave?",
  "options": [
   "At least 6 feet",
   "At least 10 feet",
   "At least 4 feet",
   "At least 2 feet"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "That same diagram tells you to leave a gap of at least 4 feet when you swing wide around the cyclist.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 48,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0179",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Warning Drivers Before an Unexpected Stop",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "You need to brake somewhere other drivers might not expect it. What does the manual recommend you do?",
  "options": [
   "Coast to a stop without touching the brakes",
   "Quickly pump the brakes three or four times",
   "Flash your high beams three or four times",
   "Honk once before you slow down"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Pumping the brake pedal a few times in a row flashes your brake lights as extra warning. This helps when you must slow down somewhere other drivers might not expect it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 48,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0180",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Hazard Flashers on Limited Access Highways",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Your speed has to stay under 40 mph while driving on a highway that has limited access. What does the manual tell you to turn on?",
  "options": [
   "Your high beams, even during the day",
   "Nothing extra is required at any speed on that kind of highway",
   "Your low beam headlights only",
   "Your four-way (hazard) flashers, to warn traffic behind you"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Going that far under the normal highway speed can catch following drivers off guard. That's why the manual calls for your four-way flashers, to warn traffic behind you.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 48,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0181",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Vehicle Position for Turns on Two-Lane Roads",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "On a two-lane, two-way road, where should you position your vehicle to make a left turn?",
  "options": [
   "Straddling the centerline, slightly into the oncoming lane",
   "Hugging the centerline as closely as safety allows",
   "In the exact middle of your travel lane",
   "Hugging the right edge of the road as closely as safety allows"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "For a left turn on a two-lane, two-way road, the manual has you stay near the centerline. A right turn instead calls for staying near the road's right edge.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 49,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0182",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Most Important Factor in a Turn",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "The manual says one factor probably matters most when you're turning. Which factor is that?",
  "options": [
   "The condition of your tires",
   "Your speed",
   "The color of your indicator lights",
   "Your following distance"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual points to speed as the key factor in a turn. The right speed helps you keep control, hold your lane, and react to anything unexpected.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 49,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0183",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Center Turn Lane Pavement Markings",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "There's a lane in the center of a street with traffic flowing both ways. It's marked with a solid line along its outer edge and a broken line along its inner edge. What is that lane used for?",
  "options": [
   "You may enter only for a left turn",
   "You may enter only for a right turn",
   "It is only for buses and emergency vehicles",
   "You may use it to pass slower traffic"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "This center lane sits between a solid outside line and a dashed inside line. That pattern means it's for left turns only, and drivers from either direction can use it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 49,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0184",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Order of Steps for a Safe Turn",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Which of the following lists the manual's four steps for completing a turn safely, in the correct order?",
  "options": [
   "Signal, get in the proper lane, control your speed, finish the turn in that lane",
   "Get in the proper lane, control your speed, signal, finish the turn in that lane",
   "Signal, control your speed, get in the proper lane, finish the turn in that lane",
   "Control your speed, signal, finish the turn in that lane, get in the proper lane"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The manual's order is: signal first, move into the correct lane, control your speed, then finish the turn while staying in that lane.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 49,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0185",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "U-turn safety distance",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Before making a U-turn, how far away must approaching drivers be in every direction?",
  "options": [
   "300 feet",
   "100 feet",
   "500 feet",
   "1,000 feet"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A driver picking a spot for a U-turn needs approaching traffic in every direction to be about 500 feet back, with a clear view of the vehicle making the turn.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 50,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0186",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Turning right on red",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What must a driver do before turning right at a red light, even when no sign prohibits it?",
  "options": [
   "Sound the horn to alert pedestrians, then turn without needing to come to a full stop",
   "Slow down without stopping, then turn if clear, treating the red light like a yield sign",
   "Stop completely, then let pedestrians and crossing traffic go before turning",
   "Wait for a green arrow before turning"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A driver must come to a full stop and let pedestrians and crossing vehicles go first before turning right on red.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 50,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0187",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Where U-turns are illegal",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Where are U-turns illegal even if no other vehicles are nearby?",
  "options": [
   "On a straight road with no traffic",
   "In a parking lot",
   "On curves or near the top of a hill",
   "On a one-way street"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "U-turns are against the law on curves and close to hilltops because other drivers cannot see far enough ahead to react safely.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 50,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0188",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "No Turn on Red sign placement",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Where is a NO TURN ON RED sign usually placed at an intersection?",
  "options": [
   "Attached to the traffic signal one block earlier, so drivers spot it before the corner",
   "Painted on the pavement before the stop line",
   "Only on the far side of the intersection, high above the road where drivers spot it after entering",
   "Beside the road as you enter, and again near the signal across the intersection"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "This sign usually stands beside the road as you come in, and again near the signal on the far corner, so a driver sees it before and during the turn.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 50,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0189",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Acceleration lane passing rule",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "You are on an acceleration lane about to merge onto a highway, and another car is ahead of you in that same lane. What does the law say about passing that car while still in the acceleration lane?",
  "options": [
   "It is allowed only above 45 mph",
   "It is allowed if you signal first",
   "It is allowed only if the highway lane next to you is empty",
   "It is against the law to pass while still in the acceleration lane"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The law forbids passing another vehicle that is in front of you inside the acceleration lane, even if there seems to be room to get around it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 50,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0190",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Passing distance on two-lane roads",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "On a two-lane road at 45 mph, about how much open road should be clear ahead before you start passing a slower vehicle?",
  "options": [
   "About 1/8 mile",
   "About 1 mile",
   "About 1/4 mile",
   "About 100 feet"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "At 45 mph, a driver needs roughly a quarter mile of open road to get past a slower vehicle and return safely to the lane.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 51,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0192",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Passing speed",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "To safely complete a pass, about how much faster should your speed be compared to the car you are overtaking?",
  "options": [
   "About 2 mph",
   "About 20 mph",
   "About 5 mph",
   "About 10 mph"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "A driver should travel roughly 10 mph faster than the car being passed so the maneuver finishes quickly and safely.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 51,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0193",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Returning to lane after passing",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What should you be able to see in your rearview mirror before pulling back into your lane after passing?",
  "options": [
   "The vehicle's license plate only",
   "The top of the vehicle's trailer",
   "Both headlights of the vehicle you just passed",
   "Only the rear bumper of the vehicle you passed"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A driver should see both headlights of the passed vehicle reflected in the mirror, which confirms there is enough space to return to the lane safely.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 51,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0194",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Where passing is prohibited",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "You may not pass another vehicle within 100 feet of which of these?",
  "options": [
   "A parked car",
   "A shopping center entrance",
   "A speed limit sign",
   "An intersection or railroad crossing"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Passing is not allowed within 100 feet of an intersection or a railroad grade crossing, unless a traffic control device tells you that you can.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 51,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0195",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Yielding to pedestrians while turning",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A driver is completing a turn at the corner. Walkers have the green signal and are already crossing. What must the driver do?",
  "options": [
   "Continue turning if pedestrians are still on the far curb",
   "Yield until the walkers finish crossing",
   "Yield only if the walkers are in a marked crosswalk",
   "Sound the horn and complete the turn quickly"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Even in the middle of a turn, a driver must let pedestrians who are lawfully crossing with the signal finish before going.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 52,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0196",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Right-of-way at intersections",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "According to the handbook, what does the law actually do at intersections regarding right-of-way?",
  "options": [
   "It gives right-of-way to the largest vehicle",
   "It grants the right-of-way to the first vehicle stopped",
   "It only states who must yield, not who receives the right-of-way",
   "It grants right-of-way to whichever driver signals first"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "No driver is ever handed the right-of-way by law. Instead, the law only spells out who is required to yield, so a driver must stay alert even when they believe it is their turn to go.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 52,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0197",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Four-way stop tie-breaker",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "At a four-way stop, two cars pull up at the same moment from crossing directions. Who must yield?",
  "options": [
   "The right-hand driver must let the left-hand driver go first",
   "Whichever car arrived at the stop sign a moment earlier",
   "The left-hand driver must let the right-hand driver go first",
   "Both drivers should wait for a police officer to direct them"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "When two vehicles arrive together at a four-way stop, the driver approaching from the left must let the driver approaching from the right proceed first.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 52,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0198",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "Roundabout entry yielding",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "When entering a roundabout, who has the right-of-way?",
  "options": [
   "Whichever driver arrives first at the yield line",
   "Drivers already circulating inside the roundabout",
   "The entering driver, if signaling",
   "The driver coming from the right"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "A driver about to enter a roundabout must let vehicles already moving through the circle go first.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 52,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0199",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "signs at divided highway crossings",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "At a road that crosses a divided highway, which trio of signs typically appears together?",
  "options": [
   "YIELD signs and chevron warning signs together",
   "DO NOT ENTER, WRONG WAY, and ONE WAY signs",
   "A yellow diamond curve sign and a rectangular arrow sign",
   "ALL TURNS FROM RIGHT LANE, NO U-TURN, and NO LEFT TURN signs"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Where a side road meets a divided highway, drivers will find ONE WAY, WRONG WAY, plus DO NOT ENTER signage grouped together, warning against wrong-way entry.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 53,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0200",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "two-way stop gap timing",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "At a two-way stop, roughly how much of a gap in traffic do you need to cross a road posted at 30 mph?",
  "options": [
   "About 6 seconds",
   "About 15 seconds",
   "About 2 seconds",
   "About 30 seconds"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The manual advises leaving about a six-second gap, or roughly a block of open space, before crossing a 30 mph street from a two-way stop.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 53,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0201",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "clues that a street is one-way",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Other than posted signs, what can hint that a street carries traffic in only one direction?",
  "options": [
   "Cars parked only on the right side of the road",
   "Vehicles parked along both curbs, all facing the same way",
   "Cars parked facing opposite directions on each side",
   "No vehicles parked anywhere near the intersection"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "When vehicles line both curbs of a block and all point the same way, that pattern itself suggests the street only carries traffic in one direction.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 53,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0203",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "two-step left turn onto a divided highway",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "When turning left onto a divided highway, what two-step method does the manual describe as correct?",
  "options": [
   "Cross the first roadway on a gap from the left, then finish the turn past the barrier on a gap from the right",
   "Wait beside the barrier until both roadways are completely empty of traffic, then make one continuous left turn across both without stopping again",
   "Cross both roadways at once using the same gap in traffic",
   "Turn left immediately, then merge into the far lane once past the barrier, treating the whole crossing as one smooth motion"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Because a divided highway is really two separate roadways, a left turn happens in two stages: cross the near roadway once the gap on your left is safe, then finish the turn past the barrier when the far roadway gives you a safe gap on your right.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 53,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0204",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "risk of missing a divided highway",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Why is turning left onto a divided highway especially risky if a driver does not notice the road is divided?",
  "options": [
   "The driver's headlights will not be visible to cross traffic, so approaching cars cannot react to them",
   "The extra lanes make it impossible to judge the speed limit",
   "The driver might turn early, in front of the barrier, and meet oncoming traffic head-on",
   "The driver will automatically get a ticket for an illegal U-turn the moment they cross the divider"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A driver who misses the fact that the road is divided may cut the turn short of the barrier and drive straight into vehicles coming from the left on the near roadway.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 53,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0205",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "emergency vehicles inside a roundabout",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "An emergency vehicle is approaching while you are already circulating inside a roundabout. What should you do?",
  "options": [
   "Speed up to clear the roundabout before the emergency vehicle arrives",
   "Stop your car immediately, right where you are, and let it pass",
   "Leave the roundabout at once, then move off to the side of the road",
   "Reverse direction and exit the way you entered"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "If you are already inside the roundabout when an emergency vehicle approaches, the rule is to leave the circle at the next exit and then pull over, since stopping inside the roundabout is never allowed.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 54,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0206",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "jughandle left turns",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "How does a jughandle let a driver complete a left turn?",
  "options": [
   "By using a right turn lane that curves back to a signal",
   "By waiting at the yield line until there is a gap in the circling traffic",
   "By making a U-turn at the next traffic light",
   "By turning left directly across the oncoming lanes at the light"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Instead of crossing oncoming lanes directly, a driver using a jughandle follows a curving right-turn ramp that loops back and meets the main road at a signal, where the left turn is finally made.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 54,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0207",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "destination signs at roundabouts",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What feature helps drivers know where each exit of a roundabout leads?",
  "options": [
   "A different pavement color for each exit",
   "An audio announcement from a nearby speaker",
   "Mile marker signs inside the circle",
   "A destination sign posted on the approach"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Many roundabouts post a destination sign before the entry point, so a driver already knows which exit leads where before entering.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 54,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0208",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "most common cause of roundabout crashes",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What is the most common cause of crashes at roundabouts?",
  "options": [
   "Pedestrians crossing outside the crosswalk",
   "Drivers failing to yield before entering the roundabout",
   "Drivers exiting without using a turn signal",
   "Bicyclists overtaking vehicles inside the circle"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "According to the manual, most roundabout crashes happen because a driver enters without yielding first to traffic already in the circle.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 54,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0209",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "run-off-road crash statistics",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Among Pennsylvania's 16-year-old drivers, which type of crash happens most often?",
  "options": [
   "A head-on crash while passing another vehicle",
   "A side-impact crash in a parking lot",
   "A single-vehicle crash in which the car runs off the road",
   "A rear-end crash while stopped at a red light"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Crash statistics referenced in the manual show that among Pennsylvania drivers who are sixteen, the single most common crash type is running off the road alone, without another vehicle involved.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 55,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0210",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "right-bending curve outcome",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "If a driver takes a right-bending curve too fast and inertia carries the vehicle straight, what is the likely result?",
  "options": [
   "The vehicle runs off the road and onto the shoulder",
   "The vehicle's tires lose contact with the pavement",
   "The vehicle stalls and the engine shuts off",
   "The vehicle drifts across the centerline into oncoming traffic"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Because a right-bending curve turns away from a vehicle that keeps going straight, too much speed on that kind of curve tends to push the car into the opposing lane instead of off the roadway.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 55,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0211",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "speed reduction on curves",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "When do you need to cut your speed the most before driving through a curve?",
  "options": [
   "On a sharp curve when the pavement is wet or icy",
   "On a curve marked only with a chevron warning sign",
   "On a straightaway just past a curve",
   "On a gentle curve in dry, sunny conditions"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "A sharp curve combined with a wet or icy road surface calls for the biggest drop in speed.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 55,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0212",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "lane position on left curves",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Where should you position your vehicle while driving through a left curve?",
  "options": [
   "Centered in your travel lane",
   "Slightly left of the lane's center line",
   "Hugging the outside edge of your lane",
   "Slightly to the right of center, same as a right curve"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "On a curve that bends left, the manual recommends staying centered in your lane rather than favoring either edge.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 55,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0213",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "highway-hypnosis",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A driver on a highway stares straight ahead for a long time and stops scanning the road and mirrors. What is this called, and what kind of crash does it often cause?",
  "options": [
   "Lane drift, which raises the risk of sideswiping nearby vehicles",
   "Road fatigue, which raises the risk of drifting across the center line and colliding head-on with oncoming traffic",
   "Tunnel vision, which raises the risk of missing your exit",
   "Highway hypnosis, which raises the risk of rear-ending traffic that is slowing or stopped ahead"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Highway hypnosis happens when a driver keeps looking straight ahead for too long and quits scanning the road, making it likely they will crash into traffic that has slowed or stopped up ahead. Almost one in five fatal highway crashes is a rear-end collision, most often blamed on drivers not paying attention or following too closely.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 56,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0214",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "highway-speed-risk",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "About how far does a car going 65 mph travel in one second, and why does that matter if the car drifts off the road?",
  "options": [
   "Close to 30 feet a second, giving a driver several seconds to react",
   "Close to 100 feet a second, so leaving the road can happen in under a second",
   "Close to 65 feet a second, matching one foot per mile per hour exactly",
   "Close to 200 feet a second, so drifting off the road takes several seconds"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "At 65 mph a car covers close to 100 feet every second, which is why running off the road can take less than one second once a driver drifts.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 56,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0215",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "entering-highways",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "An entrance ramp and an exit ramp sit close together and share a short weaving lane. If you are entering the highway, what must you do when a driver is using that lane to exit?",
  "options": [
   "Yield to the driver who is exiting",
   "Sound your horn so the exiting driver moves aside",
   "Speed up so you pass the exiting driver before the lane ends",
   "Stop in the weaving lane until the exiting driver has fully left"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "When entering and exiting traffic must share a weaving lane, the driver coming onto the highway has to give way to the driver leaving it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 56,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0216",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "exiting-highways",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What is the correct way to handle the lane you need for leaving a highway?",
  "options": [
   "Stop on the shoulder and back up to reach a missed exit",
   "Slow down in the through lane before merging into the exit lane",
   "Cross several lanes at the last moment if you almost miss your exit",
   "Move into the exit lane early, then slow down"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Drivers should move into the proper lane for exiting with plenty of time to spare and hold their speed steady until they have actually entered that lane; missing an exit just means using the next one instead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 56,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0217",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "highway-lane-changes",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "When you need to change lanes on a highway to get past a slower vehicle, what is the safe approach?",
  "options": [
   "Change lanes without signaling if no other cars are in sight",
   "Move over one lane at a time and signal each time you change lanes",
   "Cross two lanes at once so you spend less time beside the slower vehicle",
   "Wait until you are beside the slower vehicle before signaling"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "A driver passing a slower vehicle on a highway should shift over only one lane at a time, signal every time, and switch the signal on early enough for other drivers to notice it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 56,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0218",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "entering-highways",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Which signs are posted on a highway exit ramp to keep drivers from turning onto it by accident while trying to enter the highway?",
  "options": [
   "MERGE and YIELD signs, the same signs used on entrance ramps",
   "STOP and NO U-TURN signs posted at the bottom of the ramp",
   "WRONG WAY, DO NOT ENTER, and ONE WAY signs",
   "DIVIDED HIGHWAY and SPEED LIMIT signs, which mark the ramp as one-way"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "These three signs are posted right on the exit ramp, warning drivers away from turning onto it and meeting oncoming cars head-on.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 56,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0219",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "leaving-parked-vehicle",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Before you get out of your parked car, what three things should you do first?",
  "options": [
   "Shut off the engine, pull the key, and lock every door",
   "Turn off the engine, lock the doors, and leave the key in the ignition",
   "Leave the engine running, take the key, and lock the doors",
   "Turn off the engine, leave the key inside, and crack a window"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "After stopping, a driver should shut off the engine, pull out the key, and secure all the doors before stepping out, then glance back to check for approaching traffic before opening the door.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 57,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0220",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "no-parking-zones",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Can you park along a limited access highway?",
  "options": [
   "Yes, but only after dark",
   "Yes, anywhere on the shoulder at any time",
   "No, parking on a limited access highway is banned at all times without exception",
   "Only where official traffic control devices show that parking is allowed there"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Limited access highways are off limits for parking unless official traffic control devices show that a spot is allowed, so the ban there is not absolute.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 57,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0221",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "no-parking-zones",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "How close to the closest rail of a railroad crossing can you legally park?",
  "options": [
   "No closer than 10 feet away",
   "No closer than 100 feet away",
   "No closer than 15 feet away",
   "No closer than 50 feet away"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Parking must stay at least 50 feet back from the closest rail where train tracks cross the road.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 57,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0222",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "no-parking-zones",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Parking is normally against the rules within an intersection or on a bridge. When is it okay to stop, stand, or park in spots like these anyway?",
  "options": [
   "Only if you stay with the vehicle the whole time so you can move it the instant it blocks anyone",
   "Anytime you turn on your hazard flashers first, since that warning alone makes it legal",
   "Anytime after dark when traffic is light",
   "Only during an emergency or when a police officer directs you to stop there"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "These restricted spots may be used only in an emergency, or if a police officer directs you to stop there; otherwise they are off limits.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 57,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0224",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "parallel-parking",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "When you parallel park next to a curb on your right, what is the very first thing you should do?",
  "options": [
   "Back straight into the space without stopping first",
   "Line up even with the parked car ahead, leaving about two feet of space next to it",
   "Turn your wheels sharply left before you begin backing up so you swing into place from the left",
   "Pull halfway into the space and then straighten your wheels before you start easing back toward the curb"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The first step is lining your car up even with the vehicle parked ahead of the space, leaving roughly two feet of clearance beside it before you start backing in.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 57,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0225",
  "topic": "turns-intersections-and-highways",
  "subtopic": "no-parking-zones",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "You want to park near a stop sign that sits at the side of the road. How far from that stop sign must your parked car be?",
  "options": [
   "At least 50 feet",
   "At least 30 feet",
   "At least 10 feet",
   "At least 20 feet"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The same rule covers flashing signals, stop signs, yield signs, and other roadside traffic control devices: a parked car must stay at least 30 feet from any of them.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 57,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0226",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Flagger authority in work zones",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A flagger in a work zone signals you to stop, but the traffic light just behind them turns green. Which do you follow?",
  "options": [
   "Whichever instruction was given first",
   "Stop completely and wait for both signals to agree",
   "The traffic light, since an automatic signal always outranks the flagger",
   "The flagger, since a flagger's directions outrank the traffic light here"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Flaggers must be obeyed in a work zone because their authority outranks ordinary traffic control devices such as signals and signs.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 58,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0227",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Work zone channelizing devices",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "According to the manual, what are Pennsylvania work zones identified with?",
  "options": [
   "Blue reflective road studs",
   "Bright orange cones and similar channelizing devices",
   "Solid red pavement markings",
   "Yellow diamond warning signs alone, posted right at the work area edge"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Work zones are marked with bright orange devices, like cones, plus other short-term traffic control tools that guide drivers safely past the site.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 58,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0228",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Work zone solid white line",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "If you see a solid white line inside a work zone, what should you do?",
  "options": [
   "Cross it to pass slow equipment",
   "Cross it after the warning sign",
   "Stay in your lane and never cross it",
   "Cross it if a police car is nearby"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Drivers must never cross a solid white line inside a work zone and should stay in their lane the whole way through.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 58,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0229",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Work zone following distance",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "In a work zone, why does the manual tell drivers to double their normal following distance?",
  "options": [
   "Rear-end crashes happen there more than any other kind",
   "It keeps pace with the reduced speed limit signs",
   "It gives you more room to read the warning signs",
   "Flaggers need the extra space to cross the road"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Rear-end crashes happen more often in work zones than any other type, which is why the manual tells drivers to leave double their usual following distance.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 58,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0230",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Work zone headlight requirement",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What are you legally required to turn on while driving through an active work zone in Pennsylvania?",
  "options": [
   "Your hazard flashers turned on for the entire work zone",
   "Your parking lights left on instead of your headlights",
   "Your high beams switched on for the entire work zone",
   "Your headlights, not daytime running lights"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "State law requires drivers passing through these areas to switch on their headlights rather than relying on daytime running lights alone, and failing to do so can lead to a fine.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 58,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0232",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Railroad crossing, look both ways",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "At a railroad crossing, the warning lights are not flashing. What should you still do before crossing?",
  "options": [
   "Skip the safety check since the lack of flashing lights proves it is safe",
   "Roll down your window and listen for one second",
   "Cross quickly so you do not block traffic behind you",
   "Look left, then right, then left again before proceeding"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Drivers should check left, right, and left again at every crossing, since signals that are not flashing could simply be malfunctioning instead of confirming safety.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 59,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0235",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Yielding to blind pedestrians",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "You notice a pedestrian at the corner using a white cane. What does the law expect from you?",
  "options": [
   "Only slow down after they have already stepped into the road",
   "Proceed normally, since pedestrians must watch for cars themselves",
   "Honk once to let them know a car is coming",
   "Slow down and be ready to stop for them"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "A driver must yield to a pedestrian who is blind, whether shown by a white cane, a guide dog, or being led by another person, by slowing and getting ready to stop.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 59,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0236",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Motorcycle turn signal caution",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A motorcycle ahead of you has its left turn signal blinking, but it is still going straight. What should you do?",
  "options": [
   "Wait until you actually see it start turning before you act",
   "Speed past it before it can complete the turn",
   "Assume the signal is stuck and pass immediately",
   "Pull out in front of it since the signal confirms the turn"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "A motorcycle or moped's turn signal may not cancel itself automatically the way a car's does, so a rider can ride for a while with it blinking. Drivers should wait to see the actual turn begin before pulling out.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 60,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0237",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Passing a truck, returning to lane",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "After you complete a pass around a truck on the highway, when is it safe to move back into the lane ahead of it?",
  "options": [
   "As soon as your bumper clears the truck's bumper",
   "After counting exactly three seconds",
   "Once the truck's front end appears in your rearview mirror",
   "As soon as the truck driver flashes their lights"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A driver should wait to pull back over until the truck's front end becomes visible in the mirror behind them, since that view shows there is enough clearance to move back safely.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 60,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0238",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Motorcyclist's full lane",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "How much of a traffic lane must you leave for a motorcyclist or moped driver?",
  "options": [
   "Half the lane, so a car can still fit beside them",
   "Just enough room to avoid a collision",
   "The whole lane, all to themselves",
   "As much space as they signal for"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The law entitles a motorcyclist or moped driver to a full lane of their own, so other drivers should not try to share that lane with them.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 60,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0240",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Truck turning behavior",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A large truck ahead of you appears to be going straight or drifting left, but it is actually beginning a turn. Which direction is it most likely turning?",
  "options": [
   "It is reversing, not turning",
   "U-turn",
   "Left",
   "Right"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Because a truck must swing wide to clear a corner, one that seems to be driving straight or angling left may actually be starting a right turn, so drivers should never try to squeeze past it at that moment.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 61,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0241",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Meeting a truck head-on",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A large truck is coming toward you from the other direction on a two-way road. What effect does the wind turbulence between the vehicles have?",
  "options": [
   "It has no real effect at normal speeds",
   "It only affects motorcycles, not cars",
   "It pushes the two vehicles apart",
   "It pulls the two vehicles toward each other"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Turbulence created by a passing truck shoves vehicles away from each other rather than drawing them together, which is another reason to keep as much space to the side as you can.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 61,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0242",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Truck blind spots",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "How do the blind spots, or No-Zones, around a large truck compare to those around a passenger car?",
  "options": [
   "They are exactly the same size",
   "They are smaller because trucks sit higher off the road",
   "They are much bigger on both sides of the truck",
   "They exist only behind the truck"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A truck carries much larger blind spots on each side than a passenger car does, so a nearby driver can easily disappear from the trucker's view.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 61,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0243",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Following a truck safely",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "You are driving behind a large truck, and you cannot see either of its side mirrors. What does this mean?",
  "options": [
   "The truck is about to stop",
   "The truck driver cannot see you",
   "Your headlights need to be brighter",
   "You are close enough to pass safely"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "When you cannot see a truck's side mirrors, you are in a spot where the driver of that truck cannot see your vehicle either.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 61,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0244",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "School bus stopping distance",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "A school bus ahead has stopped, its red lights are flashing, and its stop arm is out. How far away must you stop your vehicle?",
  "options": [
   "At least 100 feet",
   "At least 5 feet",
   "At least 10 feet",
   "At least 25 feet"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Once a school bus shows flashing red lights and an extended stop arm, drivers on the road must stop no closer than 10 feet from the bus.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 62,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0245",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Backing crashes with trucks",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A truck ahead of you is backing up from the street into a loading area, and it is blocking your path for a few seconds. What is the safest choice?",
  "options": [
   "Honk your horn so the driver stops",
   "Pass on the left side only",
   "Quickly walk or drive behind the truck to get past it",
   "Wait for the truck to finish its maneuver"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Cutting close behind a truck that is backing up puts you in its No-Zone and can lead to a crash, so the safer choice is to wait the few seconds it takes for the truck to finish.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 62,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0246",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Escape ramps for runaway trucks",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "On a long downhill grade, you notice a paved escape ramp branching off the highway. Who is allowed to use it?",
  "options": [
   "Passenger cars during heavy traffic",
   "Any driver who wants to pull off the road to stop and rest for a while during the long descent",
   "Only vehicles running low on fuel",
   "Only large vehicles that have lost control or suffered brake failure"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Escape ramps are set aside strictly for large vehicles that can no longer be controlled or whose brakes have failed, and no one should stop or park anywhere near one.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 62,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0247",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Penalty for passing a stopped school bus",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What can happen to a driver's license if a driver ignores a stopped school bus's flashing red lights and extended stop arm?",
  "options": [
   "A warning letter only",
   "A 60-day suspension",
   "A lifetime revocation",
   "Nothing, as long as no crash occurs"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual states that ignoring a stopped school bus's flashing red lights and extended stop arm can cost a driver a 60-day license suspension, five points, and a fine.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 62,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0248",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "School bus warning lights",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What does it mean when a school bus ahead of you turns on its amber, or yellow, warning lights?",
  "options": [
   "The bus is done for the day",
   "The bus driver is testing the lights",
   "The bus will stop",
   "The bus has broken down"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Amber lights come on shortly before a school bus stops, giving drivers on the road advance warning that a stop is about to happen.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 62,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0251",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Resuming after an emergency vehicle passes",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "After an emergency vehicle with flashing lights passes you and you start driving again, what should you do?",
  "options": [
   "Immediately pull in close behind it",
   "Turn on your high beams to signal it",
   "Keep at least 500 feet between your vehicle and it",
   "Follow it to see where it is going"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Once it is time to move again, drivers should stay back at least 500 feet from the emergency vehicle that just went by and watch for any additional emergency vehicles.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 63,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0252",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Move Over law speed reduction",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Traffic conditions make it impossible for you to move over for a parked emergency vehicle. According to the Move Over law, what must you do instead?",
  "options": [
   "Turn on your emergency flashers and pass at normal speed",
   "Stop completely until the lane is clear",
   "Sound your horn continuously as you pass",
   "Slow to at least 20 mph under the posted speed limit"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "When heavy traffic or road conditions prevent a driver from changing lanes, the Move Over law requires slowing to at least 20 mph under the posted speed limit instead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 63,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0253",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Responding to an approaching emergency vehicle",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "You hear a siren and notice a vehicle approaching with flashing red lights. What must you do?",
  "options": [
   "Move toward the curb or roadside and bring your vehicle to a stop",
   "Continue at the same speed in your lane",
   "Turn on your hazard lights and keep driving so the emergency vehicle can pass you",
   "Speed up to clear the intersection first before it can catch up to you"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "A driver who notices a siren or spots flashing emergency lights should move toward the curb or roadside and stop until the emergency vehicle has gone past.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 63,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0254",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Escaping an aggressive pursuer",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "According to the manual, what should you do if an aggressive driver follows you after an encounter?",
  "options": [
   "Drive straight home and lock the doors",
   "Head to a police station or busy public place",
   "Speed up to lose them in traffic",
   "Pull over and wait for them to leave"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual says a driver being followed should skip going home and instead head somewhere public and watched, such as a police station or a busy store, where other people are present to help.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 64,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0255",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Steering versus braking threshold",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "At speeds above what point does the manual say steering around a hazard usually beats braking?",
  "options": [
   "35 mph",
   "15 mph",
   "45 mph",
   "25 mph"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual states that steering around a hazard is usually the better choice compared to braking, especially once your speed is above 25 mph.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 64,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0256",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Yielding the passing lane",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "If another driver demands to pass you, what does the manual say to do?",
  "options": [
   "Speed up so they cannot get around you",
   "Move into their lane to cut them off",
   "Let them go by without blocking the lane",
   "Tap your brakes to warn them off"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The manual advises drivers not to block the passing lane and to let another driver go by if that driver demands to pass.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 64,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0258",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Aggressive driving death statistic",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Roughly how many of Pennsylvania's yearly highway deaths does the manual link to aggressive driving?",
  "options": [
   "About 60 percent",
   "About 80 percent",
   "About 40 percent",
   "About 25 percent"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The manual reports that of about 1,500 highway deaths in Pennsylvania each year, roughly 900, or about 60 percent, are linked to aggressive driving.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 64,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0259",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "ABS braking technique",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "If your vehicle has anti-lock brakes (ABS) and you need to stop suddenly, what should you do?",
  "options": [
   "Avoid the brake pedal and downshift instead",
   "Keep firm, continuous pressure on the brake",
   "Pump the brake rapidly like without ABS",
   "Tap the brake lightly, then release it"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual says a car with ABS needs firm, continuous pressure on the brake pedal instead of pumping, and that odd noises or a pulsing pedal are normal and should not cause alarm.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 65,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0260",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Recommended steering wheel hand position",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Using a clock face as a guide, where does the manual recommend placing your hands on the steering wheel?",
  "options": [
   "7 and 5 o'clock, with thumbs hooked inside the rim",
   "10 and 2 o'clock, the safest position with an air bag",
   "12 and 6 o'clock, one hand at the top of the wheel",
   "9 and 3, or 8 and 4 o'clock"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual recommends the 9-and-3 or 8-and-4 hand position, whichever feels more comfortable. Keep your thumbs on the wheel's face instead of curling them around the inner rim.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 65,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0261",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Ten and two o'clock position",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What does the manual say about holding the wheel at 10 and 2 o'clock?",
  "options": [
   "It is recommended only in bad weather",
   "It is banned for new drivers",
   "It is the only correct hand position",
   "It is acceptable but riskier if the air bag deploys"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual calls the ten-and-two hand position acceptable, but notes that it puts your hands at greater risk of injury if the air bag deploys.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 65,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0262",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Push-pull steering method",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "What is the name of the steering method where one hand presses the wheel upward while the other hand travels to the top, takes over, and pulls it back down, repeating until the turn finishes?",
  "options": [
   "The center-steering method",
   "The hand-over-hand method",
   "The one-hand method",
   "The push-pull method"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual names this the push-pull method: one hand shoves the wheel up while the other moves up to grab it and pull it back down, over and over until the turn wraps up.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 65,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0263",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Correcting a rear skid",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Your vehicle's rear end is skidding to the right on an icy road. Which way should you turn the steering wheel?",
  "options": [
   "To the left",
   "To the right",
   "Whichever way feels natural, it does not matter",
   "Straight ahead only, without turning"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual says to turn the wheel toward whichever way the back end is sliding, so a rear skid to the right calls for turning the wheel to the right as well.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 65,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0264",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "First step for a stuck accelerator",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "If your gas pedal sticks and your vehicle starts speeding up on its own, what should you do first, before shifting to neutral?",
  "options": [
   "Keep watching the road and try freeing the pedal with your toe or a few taps",
   "Reach down with your hand and pull the stuck pedal back up before it makes the engine race any faster",
   "Turn the ignition straight to LOCK",
   "Pull the parking brake as hard as you can to force the car to a halt right where you are"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "The manual's first instructions for a stuck gas pedal are to stay focused on the road ahead and try tapping the pedal or lifting it with your toe, never reaching down with your hand to pull it free.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 66,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0265",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Split braking system warning light",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "In a newer vehicle with a split braking system, what does it usually mean if the brake warning light comes on?",
  "options": [
   "You must use the parking brake to slow the vehicle",
   "Braking still works at two of the four wheels",
   "The braking system has failed completely",
   "The brake fluid level has dropped and needs topping off"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual explains that a split braking system usually leaves two of your four wheels working when the warning light comes on. That is often one wheel in front and one in back, enough to let you pull over safely.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 66,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0266",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Flood depth and car danger",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "The manual's flood danger list pairs certain water depths with specific risks. Which depth is paired with the risk of floating many cars?",
  "options": [
   "Two feet",
   "Eighteen inches",
   "Twelve inches",
   "Six inches"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The manual's flood danger list states that twelve inches of moving water is enough to float many cars, while roughly two feet of fast-moving water can sweep away most SUVs and pickup trucks.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 66,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0267",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "Responding to a flooded roadway",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What does the manual say you should do when you reach a flooded roadway?",
  "options": [
   "Drive through slowly while watching for hazards",
   "Wait at the edge until the water goes down",
   "Turn around and find a different route",
   "Rev the engine to keep water out of the exhaust"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The manual tells drivers who reach a flooded roadway to remember the phrase 'Turn Around, Don't Drown,' choose a different route, and never try to cross the water.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 66,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0268",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "ignition-lock-position-risk",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "As an absolute last resort, you turn off the ignition to stop an older vehicle with failed brakes. Why shouldn't you turn the key all the way to LOCK?",
  "options": [
   "Because LOCK disables the parking brake entirely.",
   "Because LOCK cuts power to the hazard flashers.",
   "Because LOCK will prevent the vehicle from ever restarting.",
   "Because the LOCK position also locks up your steering."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Turning the ignition key all the way to LOCK locks the steering too, which is why the manual says to stop at OFF and then shift into the lowest gear instead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 67,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0269",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "blowout-response-braking",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "If a tire blows out while you're driving, what should you do with the brake pedal?",
  "options": [
   "Press it hard right away to stop as fast as you can before the flat tire pulls you off the road.",
   "Rest your foot on it lightly while you steer.",
   "Pump it rapidly, just like with failed brakes, so the car slows in a straight line.",
   "Stay off of it, since braking right after a blowout can cause a skid."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual says to stay off the brake after a blowout, because braking then can make the vehicle skid and go out of control.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 67,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0270",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "pumping-the-brake-pedal",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Still talking about an older vehicle whose brakes fail: why does the manual say to pump the pedal in quick, repeated presses?",
  "options": [
   "It can raise brake pressure enough to actually stop the car.",
   "It resets the vehicle's computer so the brakes start working again.",
   "It sends a signal to nearby drivers that you are in trouble.",
   "It cools the brake pads so they stop overheating."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Pumping the brake pedal rapidly, several times in a row, can raise pressure in the braking system enough to bring the car to a stop.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 67,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0271",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "flat-tire-jack-clearance",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "When you jack up a car to swap out a flat tire, roughly how much space should end up between the tire and the ground?",
  "options": [
   "About knee height, so you can see underneath easily.",
   "Around 6 inches of clearance.",
   "Around 2 feet.",
   "Just high enough that the tire barely stops touching the ground."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "When changing a flat, the jack should lift the tire until there's roughly 6 inches of clearance between it and the ground.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 67,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0272",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "rear-tire-blowout-symptoms",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Which of these best describes what typically happens right after a REAR tire suffers a blowout?",
  "options": [
   "The steering wheel starts to shake and the car pulls hard to one side.",
   "The engine stalls and all warning lights come on at once.",
   "The parking brake locks automatically to stop the skid.",
   "One side of the car dips suddenly and the back end sways side to side."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "A rear tire blowout usually makes one side of the vehicle dip fast while the back end sways, unlike a front blowout, which instead shakes the steering wheel and pulls the car to one side.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 67,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0273",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "after-vehicle-stops",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "You finally get your older vehicle stopped after its brakes failed. What does the manual tell you to do next?",
  "options": [
   "Wait a few minutes, then resume your normal route.",
   "Test the brakes a few more times before moving on.",
   "Restart the engine and continue slowly to a repair shop.",
   "Call for help and don't attempt to drive it any further."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Once you get the vehicle stopped, the manual says to call for help rather than attempting to drive it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 67,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0274",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "brake-failure-first-step",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Your older car's brakes fail all at once while you're driving. What does the manual say to try first?",
  "options": [
   "Lay on the horn so other drivers know something is wrong.",
   "Cut the engine off completely and coast until you stop.",
   "Shift straight into park while you are still rolling.",
   "Downshift into low gear and search for a spot to gradually stop."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "For an older vehicle with sudden brake failure, the first step is downshifting into a low gear while hunting for a spot to ease the vehicle to a stop.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 67,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0275",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "head-on-vehicle-first-action",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "A car is coming straight at you on your side of the road. What's the first thing the manual says to do?",
  "options": [
   "Honk your horn to get the other driver's attention.",
   "Immediately swerve hard to the left.",
   "Slam on the brakes right away.",
   "Flash your high beams and keep driving straight."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "When a vehicle is headed straight at you in your lane, the first response the manual gives is to honk the horn to get the other driver's attention.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 68,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0276",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "where-drop-offs-occur",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "According to the manual, where are drop-offs especially likely to occur?",
  "options": [
   "Only on bridges and overpasses.",
   "On rural roads, and where fresh resurfacing leaves a small ledge along the shoulder.",
   "Mainly on wide interstates with paved shoulders, almost never on rural roads or freshly resurfaced stretches.",
   "Only on multi-lane interstates during rush hour."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Drop-offs are common on rural roads, and resurfacing work can also leave a ledge along the shoulder that creates one.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 68,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0277",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "steering-sharply-in-a-drop-off",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "If you crank the wheel hard to climb back onto the road during a drop-off, what does the manual warn could happen?",
  "options": [
   "The front tire could be damaged, but the car holds its lane.",
   "The car could swing sideways and end up in the path of an oncoming vehicle.",
   "The engine could stall from the sudden steering input.",
   "The vehicle would climb back onto the pavement and straighten out."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Yanking the wheel hard to climb back onto the pavement can send the car swinging sideways, right into the path of an oncoming vehicle.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 68,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0278",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "why-escape-right-not-left",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "The manual gives a reason why escaping to the right works better than swerving left when a car is coming straight at you. What is that reason?",
  "options": [
   "Swerving left still ends in a crash if the other driver corrects late.",
   "Steering right takes less time than steering left at highway speed.",
   "Your car naturally pulls to the right under hard braking, making it the easier direction.",
   "The right shoulder is usually paved, while the left lane may not be."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Escaping right is safer because if you swerved left instead, a driver correcting back toward their lane at the very end would still crash into you.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 68,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0279",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "drop-off-causes",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What does the manual say can cause a front tire to slip off the pavement and create a dangerous drop-off?",
  "options": [
   "Braking hard partway through a downhill curve.",
   "Driving on tires that are worn smooth in dry weather.",
   "Following the vehicle ahead of you too closely at highway speed.",
   "Hugging the road's edge, or taking a curve too fast."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "A drop-off can occur when a driver stays too near the road's edge or takes a curve too fast, which can let a front tire slip off the pavement.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 68,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0280",
  "topic": "sharing-the-road-and-emergencies",
  "subtopic": "safe-speed-rejoining-pavement",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "While straddling a drop-off with two wheels on the shoulder, how slow should you get before easing back onto the pavement?",
  "options": [
   "Under 25 mph, ideally closer to 10 mph.",
   "You should stop completely before doing anything else.",
   "Any speed is fine as long as you signal first.",
   "Under 45 mph, ideally closer to 35 mph."
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Before steering back onto the road, you should slow to below 25 mph, ideally nearer to 10 mph, so you have full control of the vehicle.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Learning to Drive",
   "page": 68,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0281",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "second threshold hearing",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A driver's points drop below six, then climb back to six or more. What happens this second time?",
  "options": [
   "Must take a special point exam",
   "A 90-day suspension of driving",
   "Must go to a Departmental hearing",
   "Receives another written notice"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Once a record falls under six points and then reaches six or more a second time, the driver is called in for a Departmental hearing, not just another notice.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 83,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0282",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "point system threshold",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "At what point total does PennDOT start taking corrective action against a driver's record?",
  "options": [
   "Six points",
   "Four points",
   "Eight points",
   "Twelve points"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "PennDOT steps in once a driver has built up six or more points on their record. Fewer than six points does not trigger this process.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 83,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0283",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "under-18 speeding suspension",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Besides reaching six points, what other conviction can get a driver under 18 suspended?",
  "options": [
   "Going 10 mph or faster over the posted limit",
   "Any moving violation at all",
   "Going 26 mph or faster over the posted limit",
   "Going 15 mph or faster over the posted limit"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A driver under 18 can also lose driving privileges for a conviction of going 26 mph or faster over the posted limit, the same as hitting six points.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 83,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0284",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "point removal for clean driving",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "How many points come off a driving record for each 12-month stretch with no suspension, revocation, or new point violation?",
  "options": [
   "One point",
   "Six points",
   "Two points",
   "Three points"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "For every 12 consecutive months a driver avoids suspension, revocation, and any violation that adds points, three points are taken off the record.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 83,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0285",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "first point exam notice",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "The very first time a driver's record hits six or more points, what does PennDOT do?",
  "options": [
   "Removes three points automatically the moment the sixth one posts",
   "Sends a letter requiring a special written points test",
   "Schedules a Departmental hearing to review the recent record",
   "Suspends the license for 90 days as the standard first-time penalty"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The first time a record reaches six or more points, the driver gets a notice to complete a special written point test. A hearing only comes later, if points reach six again after dropping below that mark.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 83,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0286",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "sanction appeal deadline",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "If a driver wants to appeal a suspension, where do they file, and by when?",
  "options": [
   "The Bureau of Driver Licensing, within 60 days of surrendering your license to the state police",
   "The local police station, within 10 days, where an officer reviews your case",
   "The Court of Common Pleas, within 30 days of the notice's mailing date",
   "Small claims court, within 90 days"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "An appeal goes to the county's Court of Common Pleas, in its Civil Division, and has to be filed within 30 days counting from the date the Department mailed the notice.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 84,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0287",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "insurance lapse suspension",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "If PennDOT discovers a vehicle went without insurance for 31 days or longer, what happens to the registration?",
  "options": [
   "It is suspended for six months",
   "It is suspended for one month",
   "It is suspended for three months",
   "It is cancelled permanently"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A coverage lapse of 31 days or more leads PennDOT to suspend the vehicle's registration for three months, and the driving privilege can be suspended too if the vehicle was actually driven without coverage.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 84,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0288",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "insurance requirement",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Under Pennsylvania law, what must every driver carry on their registered vehicle without a gap in coverage?",
  "options": [
   "A copy of the driving record",
   "A roadside assistance plan",
   "A current inspection sticker only",
   "Automobile liability insurance"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Pennsylvania law requires drivers to carry automobile liability insurance on their registered vehicle with no break in coverage.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 84,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0289",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "restoration point reset",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "When PennDOT restores a driver's suspended privilege, how many points does the record show, regardless of the total beforehand?",
  "options": [
   "Five points",
   "It stays the same as before",
   "Three points",
   "Zero points"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Once restored, the record is set to five points no matter the prior total, apart from two named exceptions: a 15-day suspension from a second-accumulation hearing, and a suspension for not responding to a citation.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 84,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0291",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "crash reporting form deadline",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Picture this: the police skip investigating a crash that left someone hurt or worse, or a vehicle needing a tow. What must the driver do within five days?",
  "options": [
   "Post a public notice in a newspaper",
   "Send in a Driver's Accident Report Form",
   "Call the insurance company only",
   "Visit the DMV in person"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "When police skip investigating a crash involving injury, death, or towing, the driver must mail in a Driver's Accident Report Form, the AA-600, within five days.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 85,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0292",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "fleeing police penalty",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "What penalty applies to a driver convicted of fleeing or trying to elude the police?",
  "options": [
   "A one-year suspension, a $500 fine, plus costs, and possible jail time",
   "A 30-day suspension only, with no fine and no real possibility of time behind bars",
   "A lifetime revocation",
   "A written warning only, with no suspension, fine, or any jail time attached"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "A conviction for fleeing or eluding police brings a one-year suspension of driving privileges, a $500 fine plus court costs, other fees, and the possibility of jail time.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 85,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0293",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "crash information gathering",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "When you exchange information with another driver after a crash, what should you collect along with names and phone numbers?",
  "options": [
   "Their social security number",
   "Their employer's address",
   "Registration numbers and insurance details",
   "Their driver's license photo"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Along with names, addresses, and phone numbers, drivers should collect registration numbers plus the insurance company's name and policy number from the other driver.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 85,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0295",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "repeat refusal penalty",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A driver has a prior DUI conviction, then later refuses chemical testing and is convicted of DUI again. What is the total suspension?",
  "options": [
   "Three years total",
   "Two and a half years total",
   "Four years total",
   "One year total"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "With a prior DUI conviction or prior refusal on record, a new refusal adds an 18-month suspension on top of another 18 months tied to the DUI conviction, adding up to three years total.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 86,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0296",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "chemical test refusal suspension",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A driver is arrested for DUI and refuses a chemical test. What happens to their driving privilege even if they're later found not guilty of DUI?",
  "options": [
   "Nothing, since they were found not guilty",
   "It is suspended for one year anyway",
   "It is suspended for 30 days",
   "They only receive a fine"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Refusing a chemical test brings a one-year suspension on its own, and that penalty still applies for a first refusal even when the driver ends up found not guilty of DUI.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 86,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0297",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "underage DUI threshold",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "For a driver under 21, what blood alcohol level counts as driving under the influence in Pennsylvania?",
  "options": [
   "Any level above .10",
   ".05 or greater",
   ".02 or greater",
   ".08 or greater"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Drivers under 21 are treated as driving under the influence at a blood alcohol level of .02 or greater, well below the line that applies once someone is old enough to drink legally.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 86,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0299",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "ARD program eligibility",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "A first-time DUI offender at the High Rate or Highest Rate level may qualify for which special program?",
  "options": [
   "Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition (ARD)",
   "Driver's License Compact",
   "Zero Tolerance Law",
   "Chemical Test Refusal Program"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "A driver facing a first offense at the higher impairment levels can be considered for the ARD program instead of standard sentencing.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 87,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0300",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "High Rate third offense suspension",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "How long is the license suspension for a third offense under the High Rate table?",
  "options": [
   "24 months, with a 2-year interlock requirement",
   "18 months, with a 1-year ignition interlock requirement",
   "12 months, with a 1-year interlock requirement",
   "6 months, with no interlock requirement"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "A third High Rate offense results in an 18-month suspension plus a one-year interlock requirement, a longer suspension than either of the first two offenses.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 87,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0301",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "Ungraded misdemeanor and jury trial",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "If a DUI charge is classified as an ungraded misdemeanor, what does that mean for a driver who contests it in court?",
  "options": [
   "The charge is dropped to a summary offense",
   "The driver does not have the right to a jury trial",
   "The driver must serve the full sentence regardless of the verdict",
   "The driver automatically avoids any fine"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual states that an ungraded misdemeanor charge applies to offenders facing a maximum sentence of six months, and it means a driver who disputes the case does not get a jury trial.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 87,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0304",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "General Impairment BAC range",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What blood alcohol concentration range defines General Impairment under Table 1?",
  "options": [
   "0.16 and up",
   "0.10 to 0.159",
   "0.08 to 0.099",
   "0.02 to 0.079"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Table 1 sets the General Impairment category at a BAC between 0.08 and 0.099, the lowest of the three penalty tables.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 87,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0305",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "ARD program conditions",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Which of these is a condition of participating in the ARD program?",
  "options": [
   "Completing 12 and a half hours of Alcohol Highway Safety School",
   "Serving a mandatory 2-year prison term",
   "Attending 90 hours of community service ordered as a condition of ARD",
   "Paying a flat $5,000 fine with no range, the same amount charged to each participant"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Drivers accepted into ARD must complete twelve and a half hours of Alcohol Highway Safety School, along with alcohol evaluation and six months of court supervision.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 87,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0306",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "Under-21 first DUI conviction",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A driver under 21 is convicted of DUI for the first time. What happens to their driving privilege?",
  "options": [
   "It is suspended for 18 months",
   "It is suspended for 90 days",
   "It is suspended for one year",
   "Nothing happens on a first conviction"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A first DUI conviction for a driver under 21 brings a full year of license suspension, plus jail time of two days to six months and a fine of $500 to $5,000.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 88,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0307",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "Chemical testing of a minor",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A minor is detained for a blood or breath test after an arrest. What does the manual say about the minor's parents?",
  "options": [
   "Parents must be present during the test",
   "Parental consent isn't required for the test, though police will still tell the parents about the arrest",
   "Parents must give written consent before any blood or breath test can lawfully be performed on their minor child",
   "Parents are never informed of the arrest, since the law treats a detained minor as an adult in these matters"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Testing a minor does not require a parent's consent, but the manual notes police will still inform the parents of the arrest afterward.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 88,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0308",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "Leading cause of teen death",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "According to the manual, which of these causes the most teenage deaths nationwide?",
  "options": [
   "Violent crime",
   "Underage drinking that does not involve driving",
   "Traffic crashes",
   "Workplace accidents"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The manual points to traffic crashes as the deadliest risk facing American teens, which helps explain why Zero Tolerance exists.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 88,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0309",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "Fines for supplying minors alcohol",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "The manual gives an example of an adult fined for supplying alcohol to minors at a party. The fine is at least $1,000 for the first minor. How much more is added for each additional minor?",
  "options": [
   "$5,000 more per additional minor",
   "$1,000 more per additional minor",
   "$500 more per additional minor",
   "$2,500 more per additional minor"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual's party example charges $1,000 for the first minor and adds $2,500 for every minor after that, showing how quickly the total can grow.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 88,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0310",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "Driver's License Compact: one license",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Under the Driver's License Compact, what must happen when a driver applies for a license in a different member state?",
  "options": [
   "The new state waives all driving tests",
   "The driver pays a fee to both states every year",
   "The driver's out-of-state license must be surrendered",
   "The driver keeps both licenses active at the same time"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The Compact's single license concept means a driver must give up their prior state's license when getting licensed in another member state.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 88,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0311",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "Zero Tolerance BAC threshold",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What BAC level triggers a DUI charge under Pennsylvania's Zero Tolerance law for drivers under 21?",
  "options": [
   "0.00, any trace at all",
   "0.08",
   "0.04",
   "0.02"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Zero Tolerance lowered the BAC threshold that applies to drivers under 21 from 0.08 down to 0.02.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 88,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0312",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "Underage alcohol possession law",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Which of the following is illegal for someone under age 21 in Pennsylvania?",
  "options": [
   "Driving during nighttime hours",
   "Having alcohol in the vehicle they are driving",
   "Carrying a passenger under age 18",
   "Riding with a driver who is over 21"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual lists having alcohol in your vehicle as one of the acts that are illegal for anyone under 21, along with buying, consuming, or possessing it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 88,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0313",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "Out-of-state citation consequence",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What happens if a Pennsylvania driver does not respond to a traffic citation received in another state?",
  "options": [
   "Their Pennsylvania driving privilege is suspended indefinitely",
   "They must retake the permit test",
   "They receive a fine but keep their license",
   "Nothing, out-of-state citations cannot affect a PA license"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Ignoring a citation from another state leads to an indefinite suspension of the driver's Pennsylvania driving privilege until they respond to it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 89,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0314",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "DLC offense: DUI incapacitation",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Which condition does Section 3802 require for a DUI offense to fall under the Driver's License Compact?",
  "options": [
   "Driving with any amount of alcohol at all, no matter how small",
   "Driving without proof of insurance",
   "Driving to a degree that the driver cannot safely operate the vehicle",
   "Driving with an expired registration"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Section 3802 sets the bar at incapacity: alcohol or a narcotic has affected the driver to the point that they can no longer operate a vehicle safely. That is the condition the section names, so a small trace of alcohol or a paperwork lapse does not meet it.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 89,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0315",
  "topic": "records-suspensions-and-dui",
  "subtopic": "DLC offense: failure to render aid",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Which offense is covered by Section 3742 under the Driver's License Compact?",
  "options": [
   "Failing to stop and help after a crash that caused death or injury",
   "Driving under the influence to a degree that makes safe driving impossible",
   "Any felony in which a vehicle is used",
   "Manslaughter resulting from operating a vehicle"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Section 3742 covers a driver who fails to stop and give aid after a crash resulting in death or injury, separate from the manslaughter, DUI, and felony offenses also listed under the Compact.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Driving Record Information",
   "page": 89,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0316",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Seat Belts for Passengers Age 8 to 17",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A 15-year-old rides in the far back row of a minivan. Under the seat belt law, what applies to that passenger?",
  "options": [
   "A belt is required in front seats, not in back",
   "No seat belt is required in a third-row seat",
   "A seat belt is required in any seat until age 18",
   "A seat belt becomes optional at age 16"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Anyone age 8 up to 18 must buckle up as a passenger. That rule applies no matter which seat they choose.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 93,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0317",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Crash Forces When Unbelted",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "About how far can the force of a crash throw an occupant who is not wearing a seat belt?",
  "options": [
   "Up to about 15 feet",
   "Up to about 150 feet",
   "Up to about 50 feet",
   "Up to about 300 feet"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual notes that crash forces can eject an unbuckled person roughly 150 feet, which it compares to about 15 car lengths.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 93,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0318",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Address and Name Change Notification",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "If you move or legally change your name, how soon does PA law require you to notify PennDOT?",
  "options": [
   "Within 30 days",
   "Within 60 days",
   "Within 15 days",
   "Within 5 days"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Section 1515 of the Vehicle Code gives you 15 days to report a name or address change to PennDOT. This applies even if you move out of state.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 93,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0319",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Who Must Wear a Seat Belt",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Under Section 4581 of the Vehicle Code, which occupants of a car, light truck, or motor home must buckle up?",
  "options": [
   "Only passengers who are minors",
   "Only the person driving",
   "The driver and any front seat passenger",
   "Everyone in the vehicle, including cargo areas"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "State law requires the driver and the front seat passenger to wear a seat belt. This applies in cars, light trucks, and motor homes.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 93,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0320",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Booster Seats for Ages Four to Seven",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A 6-year-old has outgrown a harnessed car seat. What does PA law require for this child?",
  "options": [
   "A federally-approved booster seat, used together with a lap and shoulder belt",
   "No car seat or booster is required past age 5, since a plain belt is treated as enough",
   "A booster seat used with a lap belt only, never with the shoulder belt across the chest",
   "A regular seat belt with no booster seat"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Children ages four through seven must use a federally-approved booster seat. It must be paired with both a lap belt and a shoulder belt.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 94,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0321",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Heatstroke Risk in Parked Cars",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "It's in the low 80s outside and a window is cracked two inches. How fast can the inside of a parked car turn dangerous for a child?",
  "options": [
   "In about 1 hour",
   "In about 30 minutes",
   "In about 10 minutes",
   "In about 2 hours"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "A car's inside temperature can turn dangerous in about 10 minutes whenever it's in the low 80s outside, even if a window is cracked for airflow.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 94,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0322",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Child Crash Statistics in Pennsylvania",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Roughly how many children younger than 5 are involved in crashes in Pennsylvania every year, based on the manual's figures?",
  "options": [
   "About 2,000",
   "About 7,000",
   "About 700",
   "About 17,000"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual gives a figure of roughly 7,000 Pennsylvania kids under age five who end up in a crash each year.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 94,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0323",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Child Safety Seats Under Age Four",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Under PA's Child Passenger Protection Act, how must a 3-year-old be secured in a vehicle?",
  "options": [
   "Using a lap belt only, in either the front or back",
   "On an adult's lap, secured by the adult's own seat belt",
   "In a booster seat paired with a shoulder belt",
   "In a federally-approved child safety seat, secured to the vehicle"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Kids under four need a federally-approved child safety seat. It must attach to the car with the seat belts or the LATCH anchors, in the front or the back.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 94,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0324",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Rear-Facing Seats and Air Bag Danger",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "Why does the manual warn against placing a rear-facing child seat in a front seat equipped with an air bag?",
  "options": [
   "The vehicle's warranty is voided by that seat placement, so later repairs would not be covered",
   "The child would be too far from the dashboard vents, leaving them without warm airflow",
   "A deployed air bag can strike the seat and severely injure the child's head",
   "Rear-facing seats are only sized to fit in a back seat, as their frame fits only that area"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "If the air bag deploys, it can hit the back of a rear-facing seat with great force. That force reaches the infant's head and can cause severe injury or death.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 94,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0325",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Arranging an Interpreter for Testing",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A driver who is deaf wants a sign language interpreter for the Knowledge Test. What does the manual say to do when scheduling?",
  "options": [
   "Show up on test day and request an interpreter at the counter",
   "Call ahead, name a preferred Driver License Center, and offer at least three possible test dates",
   "Bring a personal interpreter, since PennDOT does not provide one",
   "Mail a written request to PennDOT's main office at least one month ahead so staff can process it in time"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual says to call 717-412-5300, or 711 for TDD users. Give at least three possible test dates and name the Driver License Center you prefer.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 95,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0326",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Air Bags Are Not a Substitute for Seat Belts",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "According to the manual, how should drivers think about what an air bag does?",
  "options": [
   "It fully replaces the need for a seat belt",
   "It replaces the need for a shoulder strap only",
   "It is required only for the front passenger seat",
   "It works as extra protection on top of a seat belt"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Air bags add extra protection, but the manual makes clear that lap and shoulder belts must still be worn at all times.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 95,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0328",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Safe Hand Position on the Steering Wheel",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Which hand positions does the manual recommend to lower injury risk if an air bag deploys?",
  "options": [
   "12 and 6 o'clock, with thumbs hooked inside the rim",
   "8 and 4 o'clock, or 9 and 3 o'clock",
   "One hand at 12 o'clock, thumb inside the rim",
   "10 and 2 o'clock only"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Place your hands at 8 and 4 o'clock, or 9 and 3 o'clock, with thumbs on top of the rim. This can help keep your wrists and arms safe if the air bag fires.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 95,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0329",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Alternative Testing Method",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "A driver applicant who struggles with reading wants the Knowledge Test read aloud instead. What should this person do?",
  "options": [
   "Bring a family member to read the test aloud",
   "Ask for a spoken test at a license center",
   "Take the test over the phone with a clerk",
   "Request extra time to finish the test alone"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "PennDOT offers a spoken version of the Knowledge Test if you ask for one. This voice test is available at every Driver License Center in the state.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 96,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0330",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Vehicle Safety Inspection Frequency",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "How often does Pennsylvania require a vehicle to pass a safety inspection?",
  "options": [
   "Once every 2 years",
   "Once every 12 months",
   "Only when it changes owners",
   "Once every 6 months"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "State rules call for a fresh safety check at a certified inspection station once a year.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 96,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0331",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Bicyclist Lane Position Exception",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "On which kind of road does Pennsylvania's manual say a slower bicyclist is not required to stay near the right edge?",
  "options": [
   "A road with a posted limit under 25 mph",
   "A divided highway with a grass median",
   "A road that only has one travel lane per direction",
   "A one-way street downtown"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "The rule requiring slower bicyclists to stay to the right does not apply on a road that has just one lane running each way.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 96,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0332",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Disabled Parking Requirements",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Under Pennsylvania law, what two things must both be true for someone to legally use a parking spot set aside for people with disabilities?",
  "options": [
   "The driver must show a valid license, and the car must be less than five years old",
   "The car must be registered in Pennsylvania, and the driver must show proof of insurance to the attendant before parking there",
   "The car must display a placard, and the driver must be over age 65",
   "The car must show a disabled plate or placard, and it must be transporting or operated by the disabled person or veteran"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Two things must be true at once. The vehicle needs a disabled or disabled-veteran plate or placard, and it must actually be carrying or driven by that disabled person or veteran.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 96,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0333",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Disabled Parking Fine",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What fine could a driver face for illegally parking in a space reserved for people with disabilities in Pennsylvania?",
  "options": [
   "A flat $500 fine",
   "Between $10 and $25",
   "No fine, only a warning",
   "Between $50 and $200"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "This offense is treated as a summary violation. A conviction carries a fine somewhere between $50 and $200.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 96,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0334",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Safe Passing Distance",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "When a driver passes a bicyclist on the road, how much space must Pennsylvania law require between the car and the bike?",
  "options": [
   "At least 2 feet",
   "At least 1 car length",
   "At least 4 feet",
   "At least 6 feet"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Pennsylvania requires drivers to keep at least four feet of space when passing a person on a bike. Drivers may briefly cross a double yellow line if that is the only safe way to keep that space.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 96,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0335",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Hazardous Conditions Law Penalty",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "A driver ignores a sign closing a flooded road, gets stuck, and needs emergency responders to be called out. Beyond the usual penalty, what extra consequence can follow under Pennsylvania law?",
  "options": [
   "Only a warning is issued for a first offense",
   "The driver automatically loses their license for a year, and the suspension applies statewide with no appeal",
   "The fine stays at $250 but jail time is added, with a short mandatory jail stay set by the court",
   "The fine can rise to $500 and the driver may have to repay the emergency response costs"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "Driving past a sign that closes a flooded road normally brings 2 points and a fine up to $250. If rescue crews have to respond, the fine can climb to $500 and the driver becomes responsible for those response costs.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 97,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0336",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Mirror Check Before Opening a Door",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Before opening a car door, which mirrors does the manual say drivers and passengers should check?",
  "options": [
   "Nothing, as long as you open the door with your far hand",
   "The rear-view mirror and the side-view mirror",
   "The blind spot over your shoulder instead of any mirror",
   "The side-view mirror on the door you are about to open"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "Checking both the rear-view mirror and the side-view mirror before swinging the door open helps a driver spot a bicyclist approaching from behind.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 97,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0337",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Bicyclist Door Zone Distance",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "How far from parked cars should a bicyclist ride to stay out of the 'door zone,' according to the manual?",
  "options": [
   "At least 3 feet",
   "Exactly 6 inches",
   "At least 4 feet",
   "At least 1 foot"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Staying a minimum of three feet away from parked vehicles keeps a cyclist clear of the zone where a suddenly opened door could strike them. This holds true whether or not the street has a bike lane.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 97,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0338",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Anti-Texting Law Effective Date",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "On what date did Pennsylvania's ban on texting while driving become enforceable?",
  "options": [
   "March 8, 2012",
   "March 8, 2013",
   "September 6, 2012",
   "January 1, 2012"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Pennsylvania's texting-while-driving ban started on March 8, 2012. That is months before the separate hazardous-road-closure law that began later the same year.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 97,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0339",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Dutch Reach Method",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "What is the 'Dutch Reach' technique that Pennsylvania's manual recommends for opening a car door?",
  "options": [
   "Using the hand farthest from the door so your body twists toward the window",
   "Waiting for a full stop before unlocking the door",
   "Opening the door only after your passenger has checked for oncoming traffic",
   "Pushing the door open slowly with your foot"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Reaching across your body with the far hand to open the door naturally rotates you toward the window. That makes it easier to notice a bicyclist coming up from behind.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 97,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0340",
  "topic": "vehicle-and-safety-laws",
  "subtopic": "Anti-Texting Law Penalty",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What penalty does a first-time conviction under Pennsylvania's texting-while-driving law carry?",
  "options": [
   "A warning with no fine for a first offense",
   "A $50 fine as a primary, summary offense",
   "A $500 fine and license suspension",
   "A $250 fine and 2 points on your record"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "A conviction for texting behind the wheel is classified as a primary, summary offense and comes with a $50 fine.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "Laws and Related Issues",
   "page": 97,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0341",
  "topic": "roadside-safety-and-references",
  "subtopic": "road test timing for drivers under 18",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "A 16-year-old just received a learner's permit. Based on the manual, what must happen before this driver can take the Road Test?",
  "options": [
   "At least one year must pass, with 40 hours of supervised practice driving finished",
   "At least six months must pass, and 65 hours of supervised practice driving must be finished",
   "At least three months must pass, with no minimum practice hours",
   "The driver may test right away if a parent signs a consent form"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 1,
  "explanation": "The manual requires drivers under 18 to wait six months after getting a learner's permit and to finish 65 hours of behind-the-wheel practice before the Road Test.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "References",
   "page": 98,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0342",
  "topic": "roadside-safety-and-references",
  "subtopic": "carbon monoxide and smell",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "According to the manual, what can a driver smell if carbon monoxide is leaking inside a vehicle?",
  "options": [
   "A strong odor similar to gasoline",
   "A smell only noticeable in large amounts",
   "No smell at all",
   "A faint, sweet smell"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 2,
  "explanation": "Carbon monoxide has no smell, so a driver cannot notice it by scent alone. Feeling drowsy or sick while driving can be an early warning sign instead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "References",
   "page": 99,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0343",
  "topic": "roadside-safety-and-references",
  "subtopic": "responding to suspected carbon monoxide poisoning",
  "difficulty": "hard",
  "question": "If a driver suspects carbon monoxide poisoning inside a vehicle, what does the manual advise?",
  "options": [
   "Roll down a window partway and continue driving to the nearest exit",
   "Turn on the vehicle's heater to clear the air before doing anything else",
   "Pull over, turn off the engine, and wait a few minutes before deciding what to do",
   "Get out of the vehicle right away, breathe fresh air, and get emergency medical help"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual instructs drivers to leave the vehicle at once, get fresh air, and get emergency medical care without delay if they suspect this kind of poisoning.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "References",
   "page": 99,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0344",
  "topic": "roadside-safety-and-references",
  "subtopic": "warming up a vehicle in the garage",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "What does the manual say about starting a car to warm it up in the garage?",
  "options": [
   "It is fine as long as the garage door is cracked open partway",
   "The garage door can stay shut if the car is left running for less than a minute",
   "It is fine as long as a window in the vehicle stays open",
   "The garage door must be all the way open while the engine runs"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 3,
  "explanation": "The manual warns against warming up a vehicle with the garage door shut or only partly raised, and says to raise the door fully instead.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "References",
   "page": 99,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0345",
  "topic": "roadside-safety-and-references",
  "subtopic": "symptoms of carbon monoxide exposure",
  "difficulty": "medium",
  "question": "Which of the following is listed in the manual as a symptom of carbon monoxide exposure?",
  "options": [
   "Irregular breathing",
   "Loss of appetite",
   "Joint pain",
   "Blurred vision"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Irregular breathing appears on the manual's list of carbon monoxide symptoms, alongside signs such as dizziness and headache.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "References",
   "page": 99,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 },
 {
  "id": "pa-0346",
  "topic": "roadside-safety-and-references",
  "subtopic": "source of vehicle carbon monoxide",
  "difficulty": "easy",
  "question": "Which part of a gas-powered vehicle releases carbon monoxide?",
  "options": [
   "The exhaust pipe",
   "The air conditioning vents",
   "The battery terminals",
   "The radiator cap"
  ],
  "correctIndex": 0,
  "explanation": "Carbon monoxide forms as a gas-powered engine runs, and it leaves the vehicle through the exhaust pipe rather than through the vents or radiator.",
  "citation": {
   "section": "References",
   "page": 99,
   "revision": "PUB 95 (4-21)"
  },
  "signImage": null,
  "signAlt": null
 }
]